tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-31271894616514278242024-03-14T11:13:24.073+08:00吾所好者虽不能至,心向往之黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.comBlogger911125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-61471594352824051292023-12-31T22:51:00.001+08:002023-12-31T22:51:02.094+08:00再见2023年<p> 2023,竟然没有在这里发过任何一段文字。</p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-13820549714662299492022-10-18T10:50:00.003+08:002022-10-18T12:42:09.051+08:00【佛164】妙香姐,一路走好!期待您乘愿再来。<p> <span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;">妙香姐是彭亨佛教会多届妇女组主任。去年改选,我们曾经游说她改任福利组主任,因为她是关丹希望社群(</span><span face="宋体" lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;">Harap Kuantan</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;">)①的会员,不单参与,还曾经协助组织过活动。这是一个关怀社区,以提高生活品质为目的的非政府组织。但,她最终婉拒,她选择留守厨房为大家准备食物。我告诉她:“这也好,不过除了厨房,希望您也带领妇女走出厨房,举办一些可以提高生活品质的活动。”</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN">万没想到的是,平时没有明显病痛的她,却突然离我们而去。雅珍姐说:“妙香姐走了……永远永远再也听不到她的轻声细语。……佛教会近来办的大小活动大厨一定是她,清晨</span><span face="宋体" lang="EN-US">6</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN">点前就看到她赶着买热呼呼的糕点让义工早餐吃得好。是的,一个热爱身边人,且不懂爱自己,一个爱美食的人,很用心煮给大家享用。一个不会拒绝别人也不敢说‘不’,你们看到她的细心?你们看到她承受的压力?还是看到她的爱唠叨?一个那么细心的人每样东西都要做到最好为止。”</span><span face="宋体" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN">这是很好的“看见”。妙香姐从陌生做到熟悉,对厨务已轻车熟路,可以很好的打点一切。今年开始,有什么问题,她会通过手机给我留言,告诉我一些该调整的事务,当然,偶尔会发发牢骚。但,牢骚过后,她又承担起她的责任,从来不对外宣泄。</span><span face="宋体" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN">其实,在佛教会里,这样任劳任怨的人很多。比如说我们的执行秘书,最近罕见的请了一个星期病假。若非传染病,平时她是不会拿病假的,一年工作</span><span face="宋体" lang="EN-US">365</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN">天,一天</span><span face="宋体" lang="EN-US">24</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN">小时她也不会埋怨。原本她已经痊愈要来上班,但获悉妙香姐往生,她又垮了,多休息了两天。又如我们大众的“妈打”老会长,</span><span face="宋体" lang="EN-US">80</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN">多岁了,总见她穿梭佛教会各个角落,为大众提供最好的学佛因缘。再如我们的拿督,企业家的工作何其繁重,却尽量每周赶回关丹来一次,唯一目的地就是佛教会,看看哪里的建设还不完善。雅珍姐本人也是如此,佛诞插花,花草不够,她主动去采去买;人手不够,她去找去拉。</span><span face="宋体" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN">就是这样的善缘,使我们每个人团结一致,为了佛教会,为了大众可以接受佛法的熏陶而付出。要知道,我们都是居士,都有家庭责任要承担。不要告诉我,一位</span><span face="宋体" lang="EN-US">80</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN">多岁的老妇人一直在佛教会跑上跑下,家里的孩子不会心疼,不会劝老人家多休息。不要告诉我,一位守住岗位近</span><span face="宋体" lang="EN-US">50</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN">年,半夜佛教会有什么事情发生第一时间便会赶到去处理的执行秘书,不会承受家人的劝告退休。也不要告诉我,一个企业家为公益全心付出,不会影响他事业。</span><span face="宋体" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN">看见是好事,可以激励我们更加珍惜;被看见也是好事,可以彼此取暖,相互关怀。多一分勉励,少一分牢骚,是团体健康成长的重要信念。</span><span face="宋体" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN">这样的一种因缘,是长时间慢慢积累下来的。谁不喜欢养花种草,打牌看戏滑手机?就因佛陀,就因佛法,我们一直像一个大家庭一样,在同一屋檐下为大众服务,为和谐社会而努力。虽然,我们年华都已老去,体力已大不如前,但只要仍有一丝力气(想到已故老会长何振森居士,百病缠身下只要一恢复体力,便想尽办法到佛教会,一步三喘气地巡视佛教会,确保一砖一瓦,一滴水一盏灯都可以惠利大众),我们还是乐意去做。不为什么,就为了续佛慧命,让佛法常住世间,利乐有情。</span><span face="宋体" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN">年轻的您,是否愿意和我们携手这样做?我们非常期待,也会非常感恩,如果您也学习付出。</span><span face="宋体" lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="color: #6fa8dc; font-size: x-small;">注:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="color: #6fa8dc; font-size: x-small; line-height: 107%;">① 关丹希望社群(Kuantan Harap)的<a href="https://www.ngohub.asia/organizations/pertubuhan-komuniti-harap-kuantan-pahang" target="_blank">主页</a>。</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN">“渐修顿悟”系列之164</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN">18/10/2022</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6AwuANQmFKO_5bVsXL0klJSdR0soDWPEsHN2tSE63XfSg9lO1NK_5fUldZEXF80zrGQB6GBj9lBP95-2D_kn9oYMN6aE36aCoh505thxtRyI5vFhtfIbE6TTuad10AFWYWSGtEHkkqVtBwSKXuBmqT5RQuzwmIQY3CrY7yutYyB-6Ch8ScVShSGsq/s943/kuek05.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="676" data-original-width="943" height="229" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6AwuANQmFKO_5bVsXL0klJSdR0soDWPEsHN2tSE63XfSg9lO1NK_5fUldZEXF80zrGQB6GBj9lBP95-2D_kn9oYMN6aE36aCoh505thxtRyI5vFhtfIbE6TTuad10AFWYWSGtEHkkqVtBwSKXuBmqT5RQuzwmIQY3CrY7yutYyB-6Ch8ScVShSGsq/s320/kuek05.PNG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN"><br /></span><p></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-43261071997639500382022-08-31T00:54:00.001+08:002022-08-31T00:54:10.934+08:00【佛163】也谈南無党<p> “渐修顿悟”系列之163</p><p>31/08/2022</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4M3S0Hh8WLbOMd4QePKtnaRSnCSy1u3ChvQwyKZJFKl-6D-3DGgMdEu2_XkzVll-IkmhwjD-idN-8-WKByIkEzmfVCDvdmNsJeDbN2wHTkJQigbsxW04wqixtsqbOI-cehY2m9IZcE-BU22JLm3gLALLquTacazSwFkP3L9Emj9n29wsSdlB6FFQi/s1018/163.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1018" data-original-width="640" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4M3S0Hh8WLbOMd4QePKtnaRSnCSy1u3ChvQwyKZJFKl-6D-3DGgMdEu2_XkzVll-IkmhwjD-idN-8-WKByIkEzmfVCDvdmNsJeDbN2wHTkJQigbsxW04wqixtsqbOI-cehY2m9IZcE-BU22JLm3gLALLquTacazSwFkP3L9Emj9n29wsSdlB6FFQi/s320/163.jpg" width="201" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-81381093232038850812022-07-31T22:53:00.004+08:002022-08-17T07:33:39.103+08:00【365】母语二语教学大不同<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"> </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">我著文吁请中小学华文教师借鉴西方的母语教学策略,调整我们的教学重点。前辈姚丽芳问:“语文教学及课程,应该文以载道吗?”我即刻回应说是。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">我知道她不会满意而要我进一步说明的。毕竟华教圈子有人会主张华文科就纯粹教语文,不需承载文化,更无需把文学作品纳入。特别是现今很多非华裔到华小就读,为了“大格局”更该让语文回归语文。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">有些人还进一步主张华校才符合国情,应该是主流。我不知这会不会太天真,宫廷戏不是常拍后宫该要自觉,因受宠而想坐正,下场是很凄惨的。教育纲领可清楚列明我国教育系统的媒介语,岂能造次?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">我一向主张小学是基础教育,孩子们要学的,并不只是语文而已。多语教育给我们的方向是:以母语为基础,兼学其他语文。前者为的是培养学习力,端正学习态度;后者则为开拓视野,为日后奠定基础。因此,母语和二语的教学和目的都是不一样的。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">英国的教育纲领,母语的学习是为了与世界接轨,一方面是通过语文了解世界,另一方面又让世界了解我们。因此,他们特别注重阅读,尤其是文学作品的阅读,不是读为了学习语文而编的教材体。这是符合</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">4-C</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">6-C</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">的教育主张的,孩子们通过语文培养智力。二语相对比较工具化,能够学会另一种语文以认识不同的世界与文明就够。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> 长久来,我们的语文教育依然停留在读教材体文章。即便如此,我觉得母语和二语的单篇文章也该谨慎挑选。前者“文以载道”,所以阅读更加重视理解,通过表象看本质,充分接收文章传递的信息、思考和辨证。后者则注重技巧的把握,能够读懂文字,理解文意就行。因此,“我爱爸爸,我帮爸爸洗车”是二语教材,“等他的背影混入来来往往的人里,再找不着了,我便进来坐下,我的眼泪又来了”则是母语教材,朱自清如何写父爱才是学习的重点。</span></span></p><p><span style="color: #3d85c6;"> 《星洲日报·东海岸》31/07/2022</span></p><p><span style="color: #3d85c6;">“当老师真好”完结篇</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg61KPGRE2iT6demJmMLlxM6IMhav-McjXxulVWZsraGdwZOSvFMTU-l4tl0kj85r2ZVz0P61Hr-V15Cv5lk5kV2toT2sm6ZTcRSuVhyCE1735AGb49ztRTXGHzqiyy56cXqXLJj-g6BFHgcLht1eFQv8oewJRSBMwKxvG6yZiKZOelUB-EsQUvdDd-/s1280/365.jpeg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1280" data-original-width="600" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg61KPGRE2iT6demJmMLlxM6IMhav-McjXxulVWZsraGdwZOSvFMTU-l4tl0kj85r2ZVz0P61Hr-V15Cv5lk5kV2toT2sm6ZTcRSuVhyCE1735AGb49ztRTXGHzqiyy56cXqXLJj-g6BFHgcLht1eFQv8oewJRSBMwKxvG6yZiKZOelUB-EsQUvdDd-/s320/365.jpeg" width="150" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><br /></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-78721045222797126052022-07-31T22:48:00.004+08:002022-07-31T22:48:54.278+08:00【364】我们反的是应试教育<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">身为前线教师,而且还是培训教师的教师,我们自然明白教育必须注重“课程——教学——评价”这三者。也就是注意教什么,怎么教,怎样评价成果。课程和教学是可以不断修正,评价的观念也是,但后者是直接影响到我们的工作目标,以及我们服务的对象的教育观念的,所以更加要谨慎。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">我当学生时考过很多次第一,吊诡的是,这些都是第一年获得。小学一年级、中学预备班、高中一年级、大学预科班一年级、大学一年级</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">①</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">何以如此?其实学习生涯中,考试一直不是我很在意的事儿,就把平时所学的用上就是。无心插柳却成荫而已!但是插柳毕竟有规律,我不思长进,后来便要居人之下了。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">我是在小学五年级检定考试前,才从同学们口中知道读书要讲技巧,考试才能得心应手。我想是不是我的三脚猫功夫比不上屠龙之术,结果总是在第二年败下阵来?</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">执了教鞭后,当然对应考技巧越摸越透了,可是教学时我却始终不愿教学生取巧。例如中学教数学,我是真正训练学生如何解题,如何演算,答题后如何审查以确定答案正确。我还和他们比赛答题,直到大部分学生只要有题目就能作答才满意。结果是九成以上的学生在考试中都考获特优。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">所以当年我很骄傲地说,要应付考试,哪里需要几年的时间?平时重视学习,考试前三个月才来谈应考,成绩还是漂亮的。如果我办学,就是这样做,不会神经兮兮从一年级就开始训练学生作答技巧。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">在中学教学时,我还是体会到应试教育的可怕。例如有一名优秀生有次数学考试得不到满分,却原来他答题后去算答案是不是均衡,结果发现</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">A</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">比</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">B</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">少,他就涂掉一个</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">A</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">改为</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">B</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">,弄巧反拙了!不知是谁告诉他出题有这样的规定,造成他宁相信游戏规则,也不相信自己。这显然是本末倒置的学习。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">再有,我是怀疑怎么会有九成学生考特优的成绩?却原来考试成绩是依据累积分布函数</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">(</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Cumulative Distribution
Function</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">)</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">决定,切分点成了关键。难怪考生答错12题还可以特优,不像当年我们错一题就要哭了。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">愈发现考试游戏的不完美,就更加抗拒应试的教育。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">当师范学院讲师,不断钻研评价的理论和方法后,对“课程、教学、评估”有更全面的认识。于是,我们关注的不再是考不考的问题,而是要如何有效评价学生,以及要如何确保学生的学习是有效的。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">考试成绩不能反映真正的学习,如何学习比如何考试重要啊!</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">注:</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">① 印象最深刻的是马大第一年,我在协办大专佛青生活营时接到校方寄来的成绩,近乎全科都是</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">A<span lang="ZH-CN">,还有</span>A*<span lang="ZH-CN">(数学)</span>,<span lang="ZH-CN">只有宏观经济栽了跟斗,考获</span>B+<span lang="ZH-CN">。结果当年赢取书券奖,也成为老师和同学注目的对象。可是第二年,却近乎全科</span>B<span lang="ZH-CN">,厉害不?</span></span></span></p><p><span style="color: #3d85c6;"> 《星洲日报·东海岸》24/07/2022</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiirGNSo9NIMw1Hc6A2k4aKI1d8AnoTeGV2iNR0U-3G-gM-yR4yrta15KccUHhE7PLoIsMJY-9P-cLVkWVpej-zRwge80fZo5MTFC6GBSD0pYZeePSiaXxZPmusrGlRGqKf3OpdnykigH_Cx68EBVkeTmJ9cpEE2PMqZGGe9jHtitKRnp3Xeu-lYXP2/s1018/364a.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="722" data-original-width="1018" height="227" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiirGNSo9NIMw1Hc6A2k4aKI1d8AnoTeGV2iNR0U-3G-gM-yR4yrta15KccUHhE7PLoIsMJY-9P-cLVkWVpej-zRwge80fZo5MTFC6GBSD0pYZeePSiaXxZPmusrGlRGqKf3OpdnykigH_Cx68EBVkeTmJ9cpEE2PMqZGGe9jHtitKRnp3Xeu-lYXP2/s320/364a.PNG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>图片取自:<a href="https://new.qq.com/omn/20191126/20191126A05SFN00.html" target="_blank">《腾讯网》</a></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-29629138129607060992022-07-29T00:25:00.001+08:002022-07-29T00:25:01.808+08:00【佛162】不只是办一个活动,而是要引入佛智<p> “渐修顿悟”系列之162</p><p>29/07/2022</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzwLuIYzGX5SDLmFbsjmwCLq92D7D9zW9sQftsyBpsB0jsbQsn88AU6BgPy8BjT-y6Vq5Jh5FPrXHln8OPHmp3W54OdUKx1Jg1rNQ79RRar1ZbTmChHUbMfvIwzU1Wnd3cMMsUPc9Ilws0U921Y2qT5_1XWh3iuY0Um-CtWl3WrZe0Baiu7qdOqeeq/s1190/162.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="664" data-original-width="1190" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzwLuIYzGX5SDLmFbsjmwCLq92D7D9zW9sQftsyBpsB0jsbQsn88AU6BgPy8BjT-y6Vq5Jh5FPrXHln8OPHmp3W54OdUKx1Jg1rNQ79RRar1ZbTmChHUbMfvIwzU1Wnd3cMMsUPc9Ilws0U921Y2qT5_1XWh3iuY0Um-CtWl3WrZe0Baiu7qdOqeeq/s320/162.PNG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-84639590273340877432022-07-28T23:33:00.008+08:002022-07-28T23:56:45.437+08:00【363】儿协十年<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">马来西亚儿童文学协会(儿协)成立至今十年了,日前的会员大会我不再接受提名,即表示我卸下了会长一职。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">说起儿童文学,就不能不提年红老师(张发校长)。他是第一位让我听到“儿童文学”这个词的人。大概是</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1990</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">年吧,马佛青总会假太平佛教会办佛教写作人工作营,我看过课程表,最吸引目光的就是年红老师的儿童文学。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1993</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">年我到师范学院执教。有次开会讨论该如何提高学员的士气,我建议办儿童文学营,同事们都支持。我联系年红老师时,他二话不说就答应前来,还拉了梁志庆老师和方理先生来讲课。就像年红老师所说,他们三人加起来超过</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">160</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">岁,却开了</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">300</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">公里车程到个陌生的林明来主持课程,这股教育热情无不鼓舞了学员,也让他们对儿童文学产生了兴趣。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1998</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">年硕士毕业转任阿富珊师范讲师,我再次办儿童文学研习营。比我后到学院的师范生也是因此点燃教学的热情,更相信儿童也有文学。这一回除了年红和梁志庆两位老师外,还找来爱薇老师。爱薇老师经常参与国际儿童文学活动,后来经她引荐,我们认识了很多知名的国际儿童文学作家和学者。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">2006年,师范学院升格为大专后,我们把儿童文学列为必修科,</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">3</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">个学分,</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">60</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">课时。翌年,朱自强教授来马巡回演讲,这第一批学士资格的学员何其有幸,在还没有上儿童文学课程前,便得到名师指点,不但对儿童文学产生浓厚兴趣,也建立起新的儿童观,在教育路上找到新的开创点。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">汇集了一股力量,儿协便顺理成章在他们毕业后的第二年成立。年红老师也以顾问身份出席了,我说这批年轻人很优秀,多两三年就可以放手让他们做。年红老师说不行,基业最少都要十年打成。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">成立协会,是为了凝聚更多人的力量做更多属于大众的事情。我一向服膺龚自珍的说法——“一事平生无齮龁,但开风气不为师”</span><span face="宋体" style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: 16px;">①</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">,我做的一切都不是为自己的名利,只希望能引领正道就好。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">这10年来,和这批儿童文学爱好者共事是愉快而轻松的。我们以“儿协”之名接过之前就已经开办的活动(如2007年创办的教师儿童文学研习营,2009年开办的儿童阅读营,2012年创设的阅读教学公开课),将之组织成更具系统性、操作性(教师研习营持续办到今天;儿童阅读营在基地办到高级了,初级的也在学校办了130场;公开课除了继续办,还与教育部合作办过两次全国公开课);也开创了不少新的活动(如全国班级读书会,教师共读一本书,疫情期间的系列“停课不停学”线上活动)</span><span face="宋体" style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: 16px;">②。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">活动的点子大多出自儿协理事,我只是提供必要的支援,如场地、经费等,让儿协的操作更符合团体的规章制度。能与他们共事10载,一起为我们的国家未来栋梁和母语教育做出奉献,实是最大的福气。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">中学时代读过日本一位企业家的访谈,记者问他最大的成就是什么,他说是成功栽培接班人,持续他开创的企业,而不是他个人的财富。我很喜欢这种说法,并积极学习。我不会在自己的工作领域凸显自己,我更喜欢栽培接班人持续未竟之事业!</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">注:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">①龚自珍《己亥杂诗》:“河汾房杜有人疑,名位千秋处士卑。一事平生无齮龁,但开风气不为师。”后两句说:“我平生只有一件事是幸运的而没有招致毁伤,那就是我只开启一代风气,绝不好为人师”。</span></span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">②儿协活动可以浏览<a href="https://www.faqing.org/forum/viewforum.php?f=102" target="_blank">法情论坛</a>。</span></span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #3d85c6;"> 《星洲日报》17/07/2022</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjv6pCvMBzexzi6HUu1rU0LgrdF40ML9L3ZMTXj4irRLqYO8rO66rnJ2owML37p4ef3nb6R0tzu14jeWDdnqFmklH-rz_UdmVg0642tRpG_L-2GgLQ49_04cnWzKH8x9BrashRUrWGuJiFWad_1vs4hmS9RFBiNKJBNWaRg50RhbZKzRq4h20uWaR1X/s793/363.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="597" data-original-width="793" height="241" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjv6pCvMBzexzi6HUu1rU0LgrdF40ML9L3ZMTXj4irRLqYO8rO66rnJ2owML37p4ef3nb6R0tzu14jeWDdnqFmklH-rz_UdmVg0642tRpG_L-2GgLQ49_04cnWzKH8x9BrashRUrWGuJiFWad_1vs4hmS9RFBiNKJBNWaRg50RhbZKzRq4h20uWaR1X/s320/363.PNG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><span style="color: #3d85c6;"><br /></span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #3d85c6;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><p><br /></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-35223420026621381502022-07-16T13:27:00.002+08:002022-12-26T07:48:41.444+08:00【362】母语教学要大胆改革<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">我倡导母语教学多年,起共鸣者不多,反对的人却不少。有趣的是,一些校长听到我要谈母语教学,就要头痛发烧,怀疑自己确诊。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">有些人以为我谈母语教学,是受中国老师的影响,比如“亲近母语”的徐冬梅老师。我是读书人,即使多尊敬某个人,也不会盲目崇拜和无条件追随。也有人说我不读书,乱引用资料,说的肯定不是真实的我,无需辩驳。也有人说我这是揠苗助长,给孩子增添压力,却不知我们的努力恰恰与他说的相反。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">我培训未来教师,会让他们自行查找资料,探索国外小学母语教学的情况。结果他们发现英语圈国家的语文有两个课程:母语和二语</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 16px;">①</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">;二者的教学目的、内容和方法都有差异,需仔细辨析。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">当我说我们的语文教学是受殖民政府影响,母语教学倒像是二语教学,有学生提出反对,他们说华文教学是受大陆和台湾影响的,不是英政府。殊不知两岸三地的母语教学,也受“英语作为第二语文”的课程影响。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">中国特级教师李竹平著书谈母语课程的开发与实施</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 16px;">②</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">时提到:“传统语境中的‘语文教学’只有还原为母语教育,对学生生命成长的价值才是全面的、多元的、完整的,才不会导致‘本体性知识技能’于精神、文化和思维的疏离。”因此倡议母语教学是“为儿童全生活着想”,“不再从表面上追求语文课程的丰富性和多样性,而是从学生全面发展的需要出发。”我的看法和他一致,只是没有他表达得好</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 16px;">③</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">大陆在母语教学上是不太敢直接倡议,因为他们有</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">56</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">个民族,万一其他民族也争取母语教育会让当权者头疼。本地华人没有这层顾虑,却把不同方言群视为不同的母语,不知是否作茧自缚。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">我国小学课程即将修订,有人询问我要如何加强母语教学。我说如果真要改变,就得参考中港台以外的课程。中港台和我们是一贯的</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 16px;">④</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。只有参考其他国家小学的母语教学,才会认识到我们的不足。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">注:</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">① <span lang="ZH-CN">这的网站页面是英语作为<a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/national-curriculum-in-england-english-programmes-of-study/national-curriculum-in-england-english-programmes-of-study" target="_blank">母语教学的课纲</a>,这是英语作为<a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/national-curriculum-in-england-languages-progammes-of-study/national-curriculum-in-england-languages-progammes-of-study" target="_blank">第二语言的教学课纲</a>。</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;"><span lang="ZH-CN"></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">② <span lang="ZH-CN">李竹平《我在小学教语文——母语课程的开发与实施》,上海:华东师范大学,</span>2020<span lang="ZH-CN">。我购买了</span>PDF<span lang="ZH-CN">版,有兴趣的请私信我,我可以提供。</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;"><span lang="ZH-CN"></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">③ <span lang="ZH-CN">大陆不少学者专家都提过他们的语文教学缺少母语教学的特色,例如钱理群教授、何克抗教授等。除了上述李竹平老师的专书,像王家良、牛莉、武宏钧合著的《自然语文的有效教学》(海口:南海出版公司,</span>2020<span lang="ZH-CN">)也很符合母语教学的理念。一些硕博论文也在探讨类似课题,如丁炜的硕士论文《小学语文口语交际教学的研究》便把视野看向“国外小学母语教学口语交际教学目标对我国小学语文口语交际教学的启示”。</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">④ <span lang="ZH-CN">我们经常谈语文教学的工具性、人文性,这是大陆语文教学难以逾越的一道“坎”,难改。其实福建师范大学的潘新和教授早就提过:“教育说到底是‘人’的教育,不是‘技能’、‘工具’教育。语文教育说到底是培养‘立言者’的教育,不是课标所言的‘学习语言文字运用’的‘技能’、‘工具’教育。……语文课程的性质,如果要下定义的话,是否可以这样说:‘语文课程是一门学习以言语表现服务人生,彰显人、人类存在价值的课程。”<a href="http://www.360doc.com/content/16/0219/19/9219826_535791640.shtml" target="_blank">报道链接</a>。朱自强教授也谈过《“工具论”和“建构论”:语文教育的症结和出路》(载马来西亚版《小学语文文学教育》,</span>2015<span lang="ZH-CN">年)都在反思“工具论”的说法。西方则更加在意语文的碎片化</span>fragmentation<span lang="ZH-CN">教学破坏了完整性</span>holistic,大家不妨想想,我们的华文教学是不是过于碎片化?</span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" style="color: #2b00fe;">《星洲日报·东海岸》10/07/2022</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSJJzDTNab24Th75mJSRR8ih8DQtxZFoBBS7wilpnytwNYyF35qSLOCVytZEL6-_P98_26CqheqSEFtdkaBzg6p6KtbFaQVEAguBjCA8IolMu6laXVWur1VODGPvNXi0HhWHX5FLaSmkX3C2JOdbb4fD5U224u23zX54x8M_0cdJ-RQIonL4QTGHDg/s1057/362.PNG" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="451" data-original-width="1057" height="137" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSJJzDTNab24Th75mJSRR8ih8DQtxZFoBBS7wilpnytwNYyF35qSLOCVytZEL6-_P98_26CqheqSEFtdkaBzg6p6KtbFaQVEAguBjCA8IolMu6laXVWur1VODGPvNXi0HhWHX5FLaSmkX3C2JOdbb4fD5U224u23zX54x8M_0cdJ-RQIonL4QTGHDg/s320/362.PNG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><span face="宋体"><br /></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-15315313338243256632022-07-14T13:02:00.003+08:002022-07-14T13:02:53.447+08:00【361】没有教哪会啊?<p> <span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">一名同道在讨论师范课程时说:“我觉得我们必须纳入这些项目,要不然,毕业后遇到这些技能,他们怎么会教?”</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">我直言这是一项待修正的观念!师范学院不等同技职学校,仅是传授知识与相关技术而已。就技职学校而言,比如说汽车维修课程,得先让学生知道汽车各项机件、器件的操作系统与程序,再学习故障诊断和维修程序,确保熟练。如果不提供某项训练,学生可能真要面对不会的问题。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">教育却是面向人的工作,人自有独特的个性,必须因材施教。这就是为何我们一再强调教无定法,教师必须审时度势,看清学情,相机而布置教学。再说,教学的内容也会不断翻新,在信息发达的时代,去年的课程今年可能就不适用了,因此教师更要具备终身学习力、反思力、应变能力。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">韩愈的《师说》很有参考价值。他说师者有三大责任:传道、授业和解惑。相对而言,授业是较低层次的,业师如果不传技术,学徒还真不会!传道次之。道是本然的,不因人而变异,师者不过是以先觉觉后觉。韩愈说得好,“闻道有先后,术业有专攻”,修学过程中,学生如果学会思考,辨识能力强,是可以超越老师的。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">“传道”的老师,学生学习后,他便可以隐身消失,不再扮演师者的角色。“解惑”的要求最高,教师要做到知行合一,不但知,还要能;既有知识和能力,还要有智慧判断能力,在关键处做出正确的决策。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">师范升格为大专后,常有华文组学员问:“怎么新课程没有同义词反义词教学,没有标点符号教学,没有</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">...</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">”我告诉他们,如果逐一纳入,十年他们都不用想毕业。他们要学习的是“道”啊!一两年课程就可以得道,下来再用一两年在实践中求验证,深化对道的理解和把握,才算“见道”,艺成下山。毕业后,不管是哪方面的新课程,都有能力自行分析,知道该怎么做。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">我庆幸我的学生都没有学我的技术,他们学的都是师之道。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">《星洲日报·东海岸》03/07/2022</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBGp_DXuQWXWQgwwmST4bGkRp5jJwkbEuTabNfZZZa0ieBf6LmTj7LOX_bdh4XImMRktSmqi47Sa9NMUjFBTLmDTo0xB0-sS8rdIuWpEXtjAlNoiQriVaSmQfwMolEhqXjewh6soHWNM7RTjy17iSciOQVLWgTuFetq9UVrtT5sqfK0kXW3jbVKXFx/s1348/361.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1184" data-original-width="1348" height="281" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBGp_DXuQWXWQgwwmST4bGkRp5jJwkbEuTabNfZZZa0ieBf6LmTj7LOX_bdh4XImMRktSmqi47Sa9NMUjFBTLmDTo0xB0-sS8rdIuWpEXtjAlNoiQriVaSmQfwMolEhqXjewh6soHWNM7RTjy17iSciOQVLWgTuFetq9UVrtT5sqfK0kXW3jbVKXFx/s320/361.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p><br /></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p><br /></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p><br /></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p><br /></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p><br /></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p><br /></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><o:p><span style="font-size: xx-small;">图片取自:<a href="https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/375672747" target="_blank">知乎</a></span></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p><br /></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p><br /></o:p></span></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-90923005790277935122022-07-03T13:01:00.000+08:002022-07-03T13:01:10.939+08:00【360】小心宠坏了<p> <span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">我对本地演艺圈所知甚少,但有两个名字还是吸引我的目光的,一位是</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">2009</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">年过世的雅丝敏·阿莫(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasmin_Ahmad" target="_blank">Yasmin binti Ahmad</a>),一位则是刚刚过世的阿蒂巴·诺(</span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adibah_Noor" target="_blank">Adibah Noor Mohamed Omar</a></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">)。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">后者在刚过去的开斋节为泰莱大学(Taylor's University)制作的短片<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FS1nYQTIE7U" target="_blank">Sadaqah</a>就很有意思,既应景又传递正确信息。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">故事其实不新鲜,说一个看似刻薄的老板娘施舍流浪汉饭食后,把他留下洗碗碟。流浪汉第二天出外送货时,看到另外一个小食档口也在施舍饭食,却没有把施舍对象留下。结果,流浪汉不再回老板娘那边。老板娘为此颇感失望却又无可奈何。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">后来老板娘的助理找到了流浪汉,劝他回去。流浪汉说回去要做苦工,现在伸手要饭就可以生活了,多好!助理说她曾经也潦倒过,是老板娘给她饭食,还留她下来工作,才燃起她对生活的热情。她深刻体会“饭来张口”并非好事,只有自己的努力才可以换来长久的幸福。流浪汉被劝服,不但回档口工作,还懂得利惠他人。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">理想很美,现实不一定这么简单。影片可以美化理想,予人力量,哪怕是鸡汤。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">我关心的是,蒂巴姐要带出的信息,有多少人懂得?最近便有部长附顺民意,要研究一周工作四天制</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">①;早前则有财长信誓旦旦,即使丢官也不允许公众再提公积金,最后却又妥协</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">②</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">我们国内的工作环境,真是到了如此优渥了?</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">我看到的却是劳资双方的矛盾,政府总是偏向劳方,资方仿佛就是先天之恶,是剥削的一方。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">企业界的朋友问为什么我们会仰赖外国劳工?答案很简单,外来的劳工肯干,哪怕工资不高、工作时间长,老板难侍候,他们依然什么粗活都愿意做,而且做得很负责任。反观本地人,他们希望找到的工作是“钱多事少离家近,位高权重责任轻;睡觉睡到自然醒,数钱数到手抽筋”。严格地说,他们不是在找好工作,而是不要工作。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;">这和蒂巴姐影片中的流浪汉有什么分别?不用付出,只要敢于伸手,便有人救济,还有什么差事比这更轻松?这样被宠坏,就是最好的安排了吗?</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;">我们从事教育工作,也万不可宠坏学生,适当的劳力活一定要下放给他们做,求学道上刻苦学习的精神依然是正道,不要一直抄捷径,选择快捷完成任务的学习模式。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;">今天的宠只会造成日后的寄生虫,赶紧在他们还站得起来时给予正确的指导吧!</span></p><div><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></div><div><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">注:</span></span></div><div><span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">① </span></span><a href="https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/625841?fbclid=IwAR3Dq0yCFWYyKdPCRHvchlNU-F1A9d-DTyohDqCGcHDmPnmxWFKZNeS3REw" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;">6</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;">月</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;">23</span></a><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;"><a href="https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/625841?fbclid=IwAR3Dq0yCFWYyKdPCRHvchlNU-F1A9d-DTyohDqCGcHDmPnmxWFKZNeS3REw" target="_blank">日</a>,人力资源部副部长阿旺哈欣表示,当局仍在研究一周工作</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;">4</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;">天的建议是否可行。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;">6</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;">月</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;">30</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;">日</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;">公共服务委员会总监莫哈末沙菲克宣布成立特别工作队,专司研究在公共领域落实一周</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;">4</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;">天工作制。新闻见<a href="https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/626648?fbclid=IwAR0pFlWS2mHxAghBy3oCY1YyGJk_c8no-vwfQXlh67wFxH1kxcZ2mFb0Wck" target="_blank">当今大马</a>。</span></span></div><div><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">② 1</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">月</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">23</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">日《<a href="https://www.sinchew.com.my/20220123/%E8%B4%A2%E9%95%BF%EF%BC%9A%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF%E5%86%B3%E7%AD%96%E7%BB%9D%E4%B8%8D%E5%A6%A5%E5%8D%8F-%E5%AE%81%E8%BE%9E%E8%81%8C%E4%B9%9F%E4%B8%8D%E5%85%81%E7%BB%AD%E6%8F%90epf/" target="_blank">星洲日报</a>》报道,财长:错误决策绝不妥协,宁辞职也不允续提</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">EPF</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">3</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">月</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">16</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">日<a href="https://www.sinchew.com.my/20220316/%E9%A6%96%E7%9B%B8%E5%AE%98%E5%AE%A3-%E5%85%81%E6%8F%90%E6%AC%BEepf1%E4%B8%87%E4%BB%A4%E5%90%89/" target="_blank">《星洲日报》</a>报道,首相亲自宣布允许公积金再提款</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">1</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">万。我们关心的是这笔钱被善用了吗?</span></span></div><div><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span lang="ZH-CN"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span></span></span></span></div><div><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span lang="ZH-CN"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">《星洲日报·东海岸》26/06/2022</span></span></span></span></div><div><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span lang="ZH-CN"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdZWv99hStOd4sGCXYXXC4VrjTH7NywA4jvS8qrDo-lVobaGMMSPWhnOVvgC0oNtoKJiISqjSRA_lY7cxNSbdgsMUcOc66ggXuUVwv9TFsQ8UYQiWLvBrc3Zg_8uHjXbxYs835PbsfjX7fOn5-FLQOTYBoYzzsIGKjeR6NNep9Nr3WqNIDRwPW4QXa/s600/360.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="315" data-original-width="600" height="168" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdZWv99hStOd4sGCXYXXC4VrjTH7NywA4jvS8qrDo-lVobaGMMSPWhnOVvgC0oNtoKJiISqjSRA_lY7cxNSbdgsMUcOc66ggXuUVwv9TFsQ8UYQiWLvBrc3Zg_8uHjXbxYs835PbsfjX7fOn5-FLQOTYBoYzzsIGKjeR6NNep9Nr3WqNIDRwPW4QXa/s320/360.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><span lang="ZH-CN"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span lang="ZH-CN"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span lang="ZH-CN"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span lang="ZH-CN"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span lang="ZH-CN"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span lang="ZH-CN"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span lang="ZH-CN"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; line-height: 115%;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span lang="ZH-CN"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">图片取自:<a href="https://horo88.cc/7403/" target="_blank">成功男人这么做</a></span></span></span></span></div>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-41707352493820682462022-06-22T15:18:00.006+08:002022-07-10T07:54:37.820+08:00【佛161】大专佛青生活营<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #800180;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> “大专佛青运动早在六十年代便开始,一直到</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">1980</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年代初期,大专佛学会在推动弘法活动时仍是以英语为主要媒介语。后来愈来愈多华校生进入大专求学,以华文为媒介语学佛的大专青年也越来越多。华文组的活动也相对的增加。以华语主办大专青年生活营的需求明显的存在。当年就读于马大的黄先炳居士向繼程法師反映这种现象,并征得师父同意合作,共同承办以华语为媒介的大专佛青生活营。</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #800180;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">为期七天的第一届全国大专佛青生活营就在</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">1985</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">年于太平佛教会举行,主题是“佛法与人生”。当时共有</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">60</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">位大专生参与;第二届的参与人数剧增一倍。从第五届开始,筹备工作由各大专佛学会轮流负责和</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Taiping
Buddhist Society </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">太平佛教会携手联办。”</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #800180;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">——第</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">37</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">届大专佛青生活营<a href="https://www.facebook.com/520quanying/about/" target="_blank">脸书专页</a></span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">书写的缘起</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">80</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年代以前,大专学府都是以英语为主导。很自然的,大专佛学会与其活动,也是以英语为媒介。</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">80</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">年代初,继程法师从台湾回马。一群大专生会见法师,要求办一个以中文为媒介的大专生活营,学习北传或汉语系的佛教。</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">又有谁会想到,当年一次的拜会,却延续了超过</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">30</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">年。参加者逐年增加,最近几届都有至少两百多位大专生参加。</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #38761d;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">——</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="https://www.bumyweb.website/tag/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%93%E9%9D%92%E5%B9%B4/" target="_blank">BUMY Web</a> </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">马来西亚大专佛青资讯网</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">以上两段文字是我在网上搜索“大专佛青生活营”所看到的。第一则基本上符合实际情况,第二则应该是想象写出来的。</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">身为当事人,我想把事情交待清楚,俾后来者参考,知道这一段“历史”。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> 1984</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">年年中,我进入马大念中文系,也开始参加马大佛学会的活动。佛学会那时通用语言是英语,理事都讲英语。但是,有几位理事,包括主席李秀珍,会和我们说华语,而且鼓励我们去带用华语交流的活动。我就是因此被安排到第三宿舍去“弘法”,每周进去一次和舍友讲佛法,题目和内容都是我自己决定。有几位舍友非常支持这活动,我每次去他们都赏脸出席,不过也真就是这几位而已。包括我的同乡学长颜文忠,理学系的春兰、慧萍,同系的毓梅、玉珍、慧贞。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">年底,太平佛教会办万缘法会筹募建会所的资金①。我趁假期回去观礼。在那边见到了继程法师。他刚从槟城回来。我和师父的因缘始于</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">1978</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">年,不过只是上过他一堂华文课,他便到台湾去了。</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">1980</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">年师父回来,给我们上《成佛之道》和静坐班。那时候的师父很严肃,我没有跟他多交流,只是一起踢过几场足球。</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">1981</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">年,师父为了进修,到槟城三慧讲堂闭关去了。原本计划三年,但</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">1000</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">日过后提早出关。我见到师父时,是他刚出关不久。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">就和很多人一样,那时候我很敬畏老师,如果可以绕道,我一定选择不见老师。但这次我硬着头皮跟师父说话,过程很简短。我告诉师父我进了马大中文系。他说很好,他已听说了。我又说我参与马大佛学会,但在语言上有障碍。我问师父,我们可以利用假期办以中文为媒介的大专佛青生活营吗?师父说很好。我说我们办三天或五天的。师父说要办就办七天,然后就说:“你先策划一下。”我回应一声“哦”,就离开了。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">这一声哦可不得了②!从此我和佛教工作结下不解之缘。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">过后,我回马大,然后参与马大佛学会在</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Ulu
Yam</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">办的</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Retreat</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">,由比雅西罗法师主持,全程讲英语。我不太能投入,于是就在那边写大专佛青生活营的计划书。出去后,第一件事就是找邮局买邮票,把计划书寄回太平。大概一周后,我收到回函,有师父重新写过的章则(见附图)和报名表格。我就是用这两份表格到处去宣传。这包括骑着摩托去</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Jalan
Gurney</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">的工大(</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">UTM)</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">交给一名笔友,去</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Serdang</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">的农大(</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">UPM)</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">交给爱月,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Bangi</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">的国大(</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">UKM)</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">交给谁,忘了!最重要的是随继程法师到</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Melawati</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">拉曼学院的佛友之家宣传。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">就这样,第一届大专佛青生活营于</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">6</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">月</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">18-24</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">日成功在太平举行。主办单位是太平佛教会。我离开太平前,曾任青年团秘书,和会长许来成、总务黄增金都很熟络,座办蔡天保更是我的启蒙老师,厨房的阿姨的女儿更是我看着长大的。所以在那边办活动非常方便,毫无障碍。其实,我和继程法师商讨过,要不要把这个活动交给马佛青总会主办。师父说不要,这是长远的计划,会一直办下去,他说马佛青的领导层经常更换,很难担保活动可以长期维持一样的品质。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">第一届有</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">60</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">多人参加,马大生占了</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">80%</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">,拉曼学院其次。活动期间,有一名居士来找继程法师,师父竟然推荐他讲课。原本所有课程都是师父主持,一天</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">5</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">个小时的课,早上和下午各</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">2</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">小时,傍晚</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">1</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">小时,晚上静坐。间中有个时段是小组讨论和报告。没有团康。师父临时把傍晚的时段交给丘居士,但丘居士应该也没有准备好,所以这段时间大家最不喜欢。师父讲课则很受欢迎,主题是“佛法与人生”。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">必须一提的是,整个活动的操作是没有成立筹委会的。整个过程都是我一手包办,包括事前筹备工作、准备讲义(我会用传统的铅字打字机,这是没有多少人看过的)、安排场地、去车站接学员、买回程票、还有那时怕大家打瞌睡还包办零食。活动过后,我还做了完整的账目和图文并茂的报告交给太平佛教会存档,并安排意犹未尽的学员随同师父上太平山住一宿。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">因为这个活动,我回马大后当上了佛学会主席;因为这个活动,我成了继程法师座下最得力的助手,往后什么活动他都和我商量,并由我去执行。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> 1986</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">年,我们如期办第二届。我向继程法师建议,安排一个副题,真正的由专人演讲。师父同意后,我请来了大人物——系里的郑良树老师。郑老师答应前来讲中国通史。师母也一同来,并给大家上瑜伽课。过后,郑老师也随同我们上太平山度假。那时候老师在校对他的《商鞅及其学派》③。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">也许是郑老师的原因,这一届报名人数倍增,足足有两百多人报名。我和师父都很为难,师父说人数太多,素质会下降,顾不来。最终决定录取</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">120</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">人,要淘汰</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">80</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">多人。于是,我们以报名表格填写的“诚意”度来淘汰,没有附上照片的,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">out</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">,填写不完整的</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">out</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">。结果,后来有人寄了一张</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">12</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">寸的人头照来,吓到我噩梦连连。而淘汰的人之中包括一些名人,其中有廖国华(因为我把他的字看成了廖国牛)和我后来的大妻舅余永赐。每一个被淘汰的,我都致电道歉。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">这一届活动前,我还只身跑去南洋商报找总编辑张木钦。半年前,我在太平参加“为大马佛教开拓新境界”研讨会听过他的演讲,很是仰慕,便傻乎乎去找他。奇怪,老总竟然接待我这后生小子,而且还很热情。我本来是授意把大专佛青生活营交托给南洋商报联办,但老总说不好,原因是那么辛苦筹办的活动,何必把名堂和其他单位分享?如果只是要宣传,他可以协助。然后他说他自己也会去参加。我存疑。但是,活动进行时,他真的开着</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Volvo</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">来了。这一届主题是“佛教心理观”。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> 1987</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">年,我再求变。其中,很多同学看到我一人包完整个营的工作,觉得太辛苦,都毛遂自荐愿意帮忙。我把他们拉入成为辅导员,并安排他们轮流上阵,谈副题。内容是把佛教和政经文教结合,畅谈我们可以做些什么。那是因为我在</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">1986</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">年底,在郑良树老师的安排下,到星洲日报工作,整理资料室里的一些资源。在那边认识了甄供和李业霖两位先生。在看资料时,对华社的时事动态多有感触,尤其是合作社事件。因此,我自己谈经济,其他则由愿意协助的朋友负责。也许这样的“开放”,造成这一届的学员(也是</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">120</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">人)最会争辩。师父很不喜欢,检讨会时还批评了大家。这一届的主题是“心经的智慧”。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> 1988</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">年,我们移师怡保东莲小筑办。太平佛教会会长许来成很不高兴,说我们利用了太平佛教会。其实很冤。事缘</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">1987</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">年国家局势不平静,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">10</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">月发生了茅草行动事件,政府禁止一切团体活动的进行。太平佛教会竟然也禁止我们办静七。师父很失望,杜月英很生气,但是太平佛教会坚持不办活动。在丽华的安排下,静七转移东莲小筑办,那边的比丘尼住持没有怕过。结果一切还是顺利进行。师父感恩之余,连大专佛青生活营也移步到怡保办。这一届学妹郭莲花、潘碧华也参加了。主题是“综贯一切佛法而向于佛道”。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">这一届还是我一手包办。我还记得为了给大家的通知书能给予明确的路线指示,我曾开车到怡保试过该从哪个收费站出去。还没有</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">GPS</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">的时代,一切就是那么不容易。这一届认识的大人物是木木家湘</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-align: left;">④</span><span style="font-size: 12pt;">和侯秀英,理大佛学会的强人。秀英会后和我商量,说为久远之计,生活营最好交给大学佛学会轮流承办。得到师父的同意后,从此大专佛青生活营就</span><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 12pt;">和我没有关系了。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">注:</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">①</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">万缘法会由星云法师带队前来主持。我认识星云法师时,他还不是现在佛教业务遍及五大洲的大师。</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">②</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">可以参看我早期的文章,<a href="http://wongsienbiang.blogspot.com/2017/07/102.html" target="_blank">那一声哦</a>。</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">③</span><span lang="ZH-TW" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">也是那个时候,郑老师跟我说:“先炳,毕业后留在系里,我指导您做研究。”这是多大的荣耀啊!只可惜,家境贫寒,我毕业后必须先投入工作,没有和何国忠一起回到系里读硕士。郑老师也在</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">1988</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-TW" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">年赴香港中文大学任教。错过了名师指点的机会,甚憾!</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"><span style="color: #134f5c;">④木木家湘就是后来出任马佛青总秘书的林家湘。当年第一次相遇,他很活跃,和东莲小筑的小朋友玩得很开心。有次我们坐在一起闲聊,东莲小筑的常住小女孩问他名字,他写了出来,小女孩读成木木家湘。我们大笑。 </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;"> “渐修顿悟”系列之161</span></span></p><p><span style="color: #2b00fe;">22/06/2022</span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVPrq3zqqs2D4542TjwZw2W24J90qCv-imsJwk2crt9Lkc4w_APCzvJ2Nvr02W1oc15UqnF7wAD3ufkUBQ4CAwp_X1XzT7GRsfmraY3GVuda8vXTE4P4Bl2Z-j27V85dSTimfUgA_nrMutL6td_Nnx02e4A7KvIMhzOr6k-JvRfbFhapQj8INnRIUL/s807/140.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="807" data-original-width="587" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVPrq3zqqs2D4542TjwZw2W24J90qCv-imsJwk2crt9Lkc4w_APCzvJ2Nvr02W1oc15UqnF7wAD3ufkUBQ4CAwp_X1XzT7GRsfmraY3GVuda8vXTE4P4Bl2Z-j27V85dSTimfUgA_nrMutL6td_Nnx02e4A7KvIMhzOr6k-JvRfbFhapQj8INnRIUL/s320/140.jpg" width="233" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3b1saIJsJFVtnr1r3VYaYUwlK1h2m7FiOnBkoTo4XlMj8AjhXSXPFSDA8fKGjGi2Tp3YV8hXro06z-i6buqh-jWHuFaYi9ySyJZCcjg9rGlqLSLRkGpyKbFZRZ5sIL_SnevtkU9ys7M7XS76HO0cPLqKqCChuxlknUlFARcsllhZcOj2qJJ6ipfVZ/s1257/140.PNG" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="454" data-original-width="1257" height="116" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3b1saIJsJFVtnr1r3VYaYUwlK1h2m7FiOnBkoTo4XlMj8AjhXSXPFSDA8fKGjGi2Tp3YV8hXro06z-i6buqh-jWHuFaYi9ySyJZCcjg9rGlqLSLRkGpyKbFZRZ5sIL_SnevtkU9ys7M7XS76HO0cPLqKqCChuxlknUlFARcsllhZcOj2qJJ6ipfVZ/s320/140.PNG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><span style="color: #2b00fe;"><br /></span><p></p><p><br /></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-40561252672683964422022-06-21T09:11:00.003+08:002022-06-21T09:13:05.284+08:00【359】我和马大擦肩而过<p> 20<span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">年前我赴南京读博前,一名学生打电话恭贺我,还说“您这样会办活动,去到那边一定有更好的发挥!”</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">天!我给学生的印象不过如此。其实,老师我到那边彻底翻身当好学生。博导说我的基础不好,建议我通读《毛诗》和《史记》,我真的宅居苦读。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">难得入宝山,我没有放过旁听名师的课。除了课程必修课,程门二代弟子开课,我一定报到。我还去旁听一些未曾接触的课,比如文献学概论。莫砺锋教授的课,我更是用心做笔记,过后还耗时梳理,以了解老师的思路。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">每隔一周要和博导见面,更不容我放松,要不然被问起进度,无话可说可就尴尬。学长毕业时,有记者报道“留学生刻苦学习,三年不曾逛南京商场”;因为素食,我留学期间是厨男,每周都要出去采购,其余时间和宅男相去不远。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">埋首三年,回国后参加研讨会,发现我竟然变聪明了,看论文不再是跪着看,这才体会原来“高屋建瓴”是这么一回事。硕士论文评审说我夺胎换骨,我突然也以姓黄为荣</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">①</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。于是我想转换跑道,到大学执教,以延续我的学术生涯。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">正好马大招聘,我去了。文学院院长、副院长亲自把关。他们翻了我的论文,问我为什么那么薄。我说师门倡议有一分材料说一分话,学位论文不宜有水分。他们又问为何有那么多图表,我说每一个图表都是我耗时整理出来的,有很强的概括性。他们说看不懂,便关门了。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">冥冥中似乎有安排,后来我竟然是在吉隆坡中央车站的大学集体招聘活动中面试过关被录用。可是我服务的单位不放人,他们说要走就得辞职,放弃工作二十年所积累的福利。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">马大中文系主任知道后,说找部长帮忙。部长是中文系毕业生协会主席。他说马大中文系聘请师资很重要,他一定会帮忙。我高兴得归途中忘记控制油门,交警送我一张传票,虽然我是因他老板而超速。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">马大很厚道,等了我一年才取消聘书。此后,我安心当师范学院讲师。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">注:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">① “夺胎换骨”是黄庭坚的重要诗论。惠洪《冷斋夜话》称</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">:<span lang="ZH-CN">“山谷云</span>:<span lang="ZH-CN">诗意无穷</span>,<span lang="ZH-CN">而人之才有限</span>,<span lang="ZH-CN">以有限之才</span>,<span lang="ZH-CN">追无穷之意</span>,<span lang="ZH-CN">虽渊明、少陵不得工也。然不易其意而造其语</span>,<span lang="ZH-CN">谓之换骨法</span>;<span lang="ZH-CN">窥入其意而形容之</span>,<span lang="ZH-CN">谓之夺胎法。”</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">《星洲日报·东海岸》19/06/2022</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipz6bIgesZguVr7uPxDAkI8tmStfmI00C2bI9foCGNye7noXH_x26Z3YF-DN7ifGfLupSdxfzAyL3UXmgJq4Rom9WBQJEefsk9PmgwPTHVUBnbLOAh4KetsLrJgJIYL12QIvpVTasraeiJwify5I6WuWAyQBjkX2B7eiUb2Oj8dqOoslV6vOiZNUCC/s3510/Tawaran%20UM.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3510" data-original-width="2550" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipz6bIgesZguVr7uPxDAkI8tmStfmI00C2bI9foCGNye7noXH_x26Z3YF-DN7ifGfLupSdxfzAyL3UXmgJq4Rom9WBQJEefsk9PmgwPTHVUBnbLOAh4KetsLrJgJIYL12QIvpVTasraeiJwify5I6WuWAyQBjkX2B7eiUb2Oj8dqOoslV6vOiZNUCC/s320/Tawaran%20UM.jpg" width="232" /></a></div><br /><span style="color: #3d85c6;"><br /></span><p></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-40711626462590279752022-06-21T08:53:00.001+08:002022-06-21T08:53:24.851+08:00【358】什么是语文素养?<p> <span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">进入</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">21</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">世纪,大陆和台湾的课纲先后提出“核心素养”的教育理念,以进一步加强与深化上世纪末针对分数至上的“应试教育”而倡议的“素质教育”。这是应运时代发展的需求,基本理念源自</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">OECD</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">所推动的</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">PISA</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">测试。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">“素养”不只是掌握知识与技能,它还包含了“各种知识、技能、态度和价值观”。易言之,教育不再是“背多分”,牢记式的知识对个人发展帮助不大;即使是阅读、演算等技能,也不一定能和生活结合,以面对未来的复杂挑战。教育更加关注学习与生活的结合,并透过实践来彰显学生的全人发展。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">例如</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">4C</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">教育中的沟通力,要能有效的沟通,个人不但要具备言语能力,还得综合实用性的信息科技,并且结合自己看待对象的态度。我国基建主席就曾因为说话轻浮,带有嘲弄听众的言论而犯众怒,这就是缺乏语文素养的表现</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">①</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">随着核心素养的提出,语文课纲也强调了“语文素养”。除了掌握学习语文的基本知识,还得培养适应实际生活需要的语文能力,以正确运用语言文字。语文课程还致力提高学生的道德修养和审美情趣,以建立健全人格,为终身学习打好基础。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">我曾经以“何谓语文素养”为题测试学生的理解力,结果发现他们写了不少,却兜兜转转地说不出一个所以然。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">综合</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">OECD</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">和国外的教育纲要,我觉得“语文素养”除了知性上的,还要情感上的,乃至行动上的。知性的,就是对华文的基础驾驭能力,能够熟练地应用这个语文,以吸收新知、思考、表达;情感上的是爱上这个语文,知道这个语文本身存在的魅力,不管是作为承载各种文史知识的载体抑或传递时代的新知,它都足以扮演好它的角色;行动上的则是尊重这个语文,不会亵渎它,连开玩笑诋毁也不会去做,反而会在生活中多用这个语文传递文明,延续人类的智慧。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">注:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">① <span lang="ZH-CN">新闻可见<a href="https://www.orientaldaily.com.my/news/nation/2021/05/26/413863" target="_blank">东方日报报道</a>。</span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">《星洲日报·东海岸》12/06/2022</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcJqnkC6kz1Z98WcMGiEu9O2Pip5lpc_fMz3c1Pv2UMNkflHm2Wyc22WlbwoA_eYHNHfFxN2yFgl-CT6E-zxyPnQxX21mnkbMxpCC7roApnjX70H55dJXlJQDelfgWxbHd2mtxrKsJ6sDa6HSgGda3ZCDdauyZtEZDwa1x9aUGksPmptRcvyOB6p33/s940/358.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="465" data-original-width="940" height="158" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcJqnkC6kz1Z98WcMGiEu9O2Pip5lpc_fMz3c1Pv2UMNkflHm2Wyc22WlbwoA_eYHNHfFxN2yFgl-CT6E-zxyPnQxX21mnkbMxpCC7roApnjX70H55dJXlJQDelfgWxbHd2mtxrKsJ6sDa6HSgGda3ZCDdauyZtEZDwa1x9aUGksPmptRcvyOB6p33/s320/358.PNG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span><p></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-28937161926300094802022-06-15T16:07:00.002+08:002022-06-15T20:57:39.598+08:00【357】中文系学什么<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"> </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">北京大学陈平原教授因中文系被当成弱势科系而发声,我心有戚戚。其实,陈教授近二十年来常在不同的场合为“中文人”说话,当中有很多精辟的阐述。我特别喜欢他说“有些大学乃至院系的好处,不是一眼就能看出来的。……中文系的好看与耐看,必须浸润其间,才能逐渐体会到”①。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">大学是一个国家的最高学府,培养的是社会的栋梁人才。但大学却往往被当成“专业人才培训所”,国家需要怎样的专才,就培训多少这方面的专才,“上大学”等于就业的手段。在这样的趋势下,“重工商、轻人文”是必然的结果。轻视人文素养,是要付出代价的,比如面向权力至高、金钱至上的价值观,就要表现得无从应对。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">非国家需要的专才,大学何苦开班培训?于是人文学科自然被旁落。这种情况不只是在学时期会发生,就算毕业后,中文人也会面对非“专业资格”的尴尬。比如在一些教育场合,有人知道我是学古代文学的,会以“不是教育专业的”否决我。孰不知我们长期浸淫在古文献,爬梳和探索人类文明的发展与演变,思考出来的结果不乏真知灼见,视野也许更开阔,使命感更强呢!我的教育观,未必较教育学博士浅薄。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">再以“中文系的存废”课题为例,中文人的观点就非一般。最近某私立大学传出毕业论文不可用中文的问题,有人发文辩驳,说华社该与时并进,接受大环境的改变。他的意思是论文不用中文,答辩不用中文,都没有什么大不了的,董事部和校方可是很努力在为华社栽培人才。潜台词或许还是中文系并非民办大学的主要科系。这其实是老掉牙的论调,我在中学时就听华社在辩“华教”到底是</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;"> </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">“华人教育”还是“华文教育”了。此文作者重视的是华人子弟的教育。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">中文人的立场很坚定,我们认为华文是民族的根,没有了语文的支撑,民族就名存实亡,这是没有得妥协的。语文不只是沟通的工具,它还承载着我们祖先的智慧,延续着民族的香火,当一个民族不重视自己的语文,那就是“失根”的一族。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">我们接受大环境的趋势,中文系被旁落很正常,我们甘于当“老二”。但是我们却从来不会认同中文不再重要。文史的探索,将延续先辈的智慧,继承人类的文明,维护民族的命脉。你可以选择当地球人,但在关键时刻,你的民族身份还是无可回避,这是“共业”。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">中文人也相信“中华文明”是人类共有的资产,是可以跨国家、跨民族而研究的。但最好的研究还是直面古代文献,不假手他人的翻译。“诠释”固然重要,但一切的诠释都必须依据可靠的文献,才不会空中建楼阁,镜中赏花,水中观月。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">我国华社何其有幸,先辈们的努力,让我们至今都可以保存完整的母语教育体系。我们的母语教育做得如何,还得看到了大学的中文系和研究所,我们学的是什么?对于中文文献,不管古今,是否可以直面文献作研究,不会因翻译而产生困惑和障碍。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">倘若我们只从族群的角度看中文系,只要是与华人相关的课题研究都算,那国家要求用国语研究、写论文,这是无可厚非的②。在伦敦大学研究汉文化,在北京大学研究西方文明,论文都会要求用所在地的语文。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">中文系的存在价值还是在汉语语言学,以及用中文书写的文学与文献的研究。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;"> </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">注:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"> </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">①</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;"> </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">参见陈平原《<a href="https://www.jswku.com/p-4679096.html" target="_blank">中文人的视野、责任与情怀</a>》(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">2012</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">)。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">② </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">中文系(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Chinese Studies Faculty</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">)是民国时期的称呼,现在大多数大学都改称“中国语言和文学系”。我视此为“正名”,因为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Chinese</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">可以指语文,也可以指民族,中文系的确可以是用中文研究抑或研究华夏民族的历史文化。当使用中文的国家建设的综合大学增加时,科系分工就必须细化,“中文系”的称呼是比较模糊的,改称“中国语言和文学系”,确定研究的方向是语言和文学,与哲学、历史等科系的研究区分开来,是必须的。我国也是如此,根据高教部发布的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">2020年</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">国家教育分科代码(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><a href="https://www.dropbox.com/s/2ej042ekg3zv0x1/National%20Education%20Code%202020%20%28NEC-2020%29.pdf?dl=0" target="_blank">National Education Code</a>, NEC-2020</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">,</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">若要开办以中文学习的“中文系”,那就是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">023 Languages </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">的范畴。如果申请的是其他学科,我相信要用中文教学或写论文,是比较困难的。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="color: #6fa8dc; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">《星洲日报·东海岸》</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">05/06/2022</span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiP6e6S3B8uqyFXUZV6iZaoo5-pDwSEF5fJ4lNhmFFF_2s1K6e83eM75R6Tyktn_y77oMVi4Y5KfLvewHrGiYVGpacwihQhOxJnMSWZTQVAyKrYW3CZz0rSCu4RRmTMSwVICoCPs2y6BPVlV2ZM0pmamXcSDHCbM7flNbTijJFkaQtBBG5QijIxiS3h/s1167/357.JPG" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="618" data-original-width="1167" height="169" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiP6e6S3B8uqyFXUZV6iZaoo5-pDwSEF5fJ4lNhmFFF_2s1K6e83eM75R6Tyktn_y77oMVi4Y5KfLvewHrGiYVGpacwihQhOxJnMSWZTQVAyKrYW3CZz0rSCu4RRmTMSwVICoCPs2y6BPVlV2ZM0pmamXcSDHCbM7flNbTijJFkaQtBBG5QijIxiS3h/s320/357.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><br /></span><p></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-84949211359832345432022-06-03T18:53:00.002+08:002022-06-03T18:53:08.122+08:00【356】对中文系旁落有感<p> <span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">陈平原教授最近被指派为申报“北京市优秀研究生指导团队”做报告,结果他所属的北京大学中文系团队落选。被评上的全都是理科院系。从开始被领导邀请他出马,他就感到疑惑,因为领导说中文系是“弱势”的群体</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 30px;">①</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。别说陈教授疑惑,我们也感到惊讶。北大中文系历史悠久,一向可是金字招牌,是多少学子所向往的,什么时候竟然成了校内“弱势团体”?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">大学发展为多学科的综合性机构以后,在一体化的管理制度下,中文系的发展难免会被边沿化的。管理层为大学科系的发展厘定的标准,少不了可以招收多少外籍学生,科研成果是否在国际期刊发表等</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">②</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">二三十年前,中国改革开放取得成果,“学汉语”成为了潮流,连带的中文系也成为上缴经费最多的科系。可是学语文不一定要到大学的,如果汉语日渐重要,它就会更普及,各国连中小学都会开办。“热潮”必会减退。至于在英文期刊发表论文,更是为难以中文治学的教授。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">如果得到国家的重视,中文系可以在制度之外脱颖而出,受到特别的对待。但一个不能逃避的问题是中文系必须重新定位,以应付日渐被质疑的声音。陈平原教授曾霸气地回应:“中文系出身的人,常被贬抑为‘万金油’——从政、经商、文学、艺术,似乎无所不能;如果做出惊天动地的大成绩,又似乎与专业训练无关。可这没什么好嘲笑的。中文系的基本训练,本来就是为你的一生打底子,促成你日后的天马行空,逸兴遄飞。有人问我,中文系的毕业生有何特长?我说:聪明、博雅、视野开阔,能读书,有修养,善表达,这还不够吗?”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">③</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">中文系既然不像医学、电脑、会计、工程等实用学科般专业,能培养的就只是具有人文素养的大专生,在逆境之中求存。如果中文系学生没有守住这样的底线,也朝“一体化”的制度抗衡斗争,恐怕将会满盘皆落索!</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">注:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">① </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">陈平原教授《学科升降与人才盛衰——文学教育的当代命运》,载<a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/-5wvS5jRnFLtFRGeCg-EuA" target="_blank">《中华读书报》</a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/-5wvS5jRnFLtFRGeCg-EuA" target="_blank">2022-05-27</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">② </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">陈平原教授在上文中提到,他致函校长提出他的隐忧:“评得上评不上本来无所谓,可按照目前北大这个评价标准,人文学科会被卡死的。第一,我们不把在国外杂志发论文当宗旨;第二,我们不把经费多少当标准;第三,我们反对导师与在校博士生合作发表论文。学校必须意识到,这是人文学科的特点,也是其安身立命的根基,不能动摇。一旦照搬理工科的评价标准,路子会走歪的。这些都是原则性问题,职能部门管不了,但学校应该有所考虑。说实话,人文乃北大强项,不该沦为弱势群体的。”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">③ </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">这段文字是陈平原教授对北京大学中文系</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">2012</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">年毕业生所说,题目是《<a href="https://www.jswku.com/p-4679096.html" target="_blank">中文人的视野、责任与情怀</a>》。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">《星洲日报·东海岸》29/05/2022</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_1ArJVwqDhdVk5gscQS4su55VKkVUvGb4PAjwWLgOaW0_1e1SL-G9EW8zA7G5PB1T3XUdpiKrDPmlIA0qVfBcK2nm_fbhqVAoIt7ap_hLLmC59shEHgtoOECpPUc38a9EUCtI1VoVLnl1qgV8FhguQgny7xi20zQgEJ2aORymO0M2ucusYxx-QujV/s984/356.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="639" data-original-width="984" height="208" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_1ArJVwqDhdVk5gscQS4su55VKkVUvGb4PAjwWLgOaW0_1e1SL-G9EW8zA7G5PB1T3XUdpiKrDPmlIA0qVfBcK2nm_fbhqVAoIt7ap_hLLmC59shEHgtoOECpPUc38a9EUCtI1VoVLnl1qgV8FhguQgny7xi20zQgEJ2aORymO0M2ucusYxx-QujV/s320/356.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-63849754607963867752022-05-28T18:52:00.000+08:002022-05-28T18:52:14.820+08:00【355】“教什么”和“怎么教”孰重?<p> <span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">“教什么”是教学的内容,“怎么教”是教学的方法,这是教师在教学前都要深思熟虑,并在课堂上落实到。若要二择一,你更加重视哪个?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">中国教育界权威张志公先生反对探讨语文学科的性质、目的、任务,主张只要在“教法”上多下功夫就好</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">①</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。潘新和教授将之斥为“教法主义”,因为如果认定只要有好的教法就可以教好语文,将造成无价值的教法泛滥成灾,使学生的水平每况愈下。他直陈教育的一个畸形发展:教师似乎只是课标的实施者、教材的执行者,他们只能“玩”教法,结果离教育的目标愈远</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">②</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">我也曾著文批判“教法主义”会造就清单式的教学</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">③</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">,只要有做就算达标,例如用数码器材,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">21</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">世纪教学法等。我主张教育就是拔高,让学习者可以度身提高自己的素养。如果教育只是迎合,只顺应学生的习惯和能力,教育岂不成了附庸品,可有也可无?</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">④</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">确定教什么比怎么教重要,就会多下工夫去思考要让学生学什么。如果只是一般的知识,学生在生活中就懂的,我们即使先把教学目标写在黑板上,然后进行</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">21</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">世纪教学,落实了目标后又说明什么?我看实习生教学,常常会问的问题是:您认为学生在这一堂课学到了什么?是学生已知的,还是您教出来的?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">还在学院的学生上文学课时,构思王维《山居秋暝》的教学策略,扣紧了苏轼“诗中有画”的评论,建议引导学生从诗中看出画来。模拟教学时,他还进行分组讨论,结果大家都极有创意地画出“明月松间照”,“清泉石上流”来。我打趣问他,之前学过的“枯藤老树昏鸦”,“孤舟蓑笠翁,独钓寒江雪”就没有画面感?若再比较“松间明月”和“江雪独钓”的意境,哪个更引人入胜?若然,柳宗元岂不更加懂画?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">文学本来就是要让文字具象,让读者感同身受,逆向体会作者的心绪和志向</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">⑤</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。王维号称“诗佛”,他的诗多用佛教术语,例如“空”便常用。他是有意为之,要在诗中表现他对禅境的体会,为何我们不尝试这样引导?也许学生课后依然茫然,毕竟一两首诗并不能全然说明问题。但若能给予学生启发,待他们再次接触王维诗歌时会如此这般探索,是不是更有意思?</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">所以,我赞同潘新和教授的看法,“教什么”比“怎么教”更重要。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">注:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">① </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">张志公在《科学态度和科学研究》中说:“不管对‘语文’二字怎样解释,你反正得把这本《语文》课本教好。……我倾向于在这些实实在在的事情上多多下功夫,试试看,怎么教法效果最好,效率最高,多找出些办法来,多蹚出些路子来。”(顾之川编《叶圣陶吕叔湘张志公语文教育名篇精选》,福州:福建教育出版社,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">2021</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">② </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">福建师范大学的潘新和教授的观点,可以参看链接的<a href="http://www.360doc.com/content/16/0219/19/9219826_535791640.shtml" target="_blank">访谈录</a>。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">③</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">“当老师真好”系列之32</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">——</span><a href="http://wongsienbiang.blogspot.com/2016/02/32.html" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;" target="_blank">拒绝清单式教学</a><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">(2016)。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">④</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">“当老师真好”系列之</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">135</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">——<a href="http://wongsienbiang.blogspot.com/2018/03/135.html" target="_blank">教育就是要拔高</a>(2018)。</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">⑤ </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">这种阅读法,取自孟子。《孟子·万章上》说:“故说诗者,不以文害辞,不以辞害志,以意逆志,是为得之。”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">《星洲日报·东海岸》22/05/2022</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVRjduDYj1LvYRgzC7RbCUtv4qWyRbiv6_J1AwXggW3aSuFjY93AL-JV0OBslpdB2Awu4uH0OzZZrvLc0TfuwsK8e1WRKy27I0Q_FgTjEHLhZulqUJ_UHogemgFqAqSgRM_FBozV-Y-J0pa9KSInzpYVefj3GJuIwLIjblhjWHUhQPZ2CELrvNyEae/s1151/355a.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="515" data-original-width="1151" height="143" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVRjduDYj1LvYRgzC7RbCUtv4qWyRbiv6_J1AwXggW3aSuFjY93AL-JV0OBslpdB2Awu4uH0OzZZrvLc0TfuwsK8e1WRKy27I0Q_FgTjEHLhZulqUJ_UHogemgFqAqSgRM_FBozV-Y-J0pa9KSInzpYVefj3GJuIwLIjblhjWHUhQPZ2CELrvNyEae/s320/355a.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span><p></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-27509698099035753222022-05-20T12:43:00.003+08:002022-05-21T12:50:17.097+08:00【354】孩子,世界很大!<p> <span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">某年教师节,学生发文祝贺我,并写下他随我学习时的点滴。其中他提到当年我请朱自强老师来马讲课,为他们的儿童文学知识垫立了基础,并成就他们的终生事业,更是感念。他说我不讳自己的不足,请专家助阵,让他们学得更多、更好。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">的确,我常会让学生接触不同的学者,我不要他们只是听我的。韩愈《师说》提过“圣人无常师”,圣人尚且处处向人学习,何况我们?只有广泛地接触,才能打开视野,找到自己学习的方向,乃至解除自己的疑惑。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">再者也是因我的信仰,我是佛弟子,服膺“缘起”的道理。我相信人和人之间的接触要讲究缘份。把最好的两个人放在一起,不一定就是1+1的效果,会有正面的效应;同样的,再好的老师,也会有他教不好的学生。让学生接触不同的老师,就是制造更多的因缘让他们学习。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">我让学生接触不同的老师,除了拓宽他们的知识面,也想摆正他们的学习态度。</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">多年前我到台湾师范大学学习,期间去拜访了他们的佛学会。当时学会室内只有一人,我询问他佛学会的日常活动,他很热心给我介绍。可是,我发现他们去的都是固定的道场,请的老师也是同一集团的。我问他附近的某某寺有某大法师,怎么没有去参学?他愕然看着我:有这样的人?然后我又跟他聊起台湾还有更多了不起的法师,都在做着弘法利生的工作。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">他更惊讶了!他说我是马来的,知道他们本土的事情竟然比他更多。我说不出奇,因为我在马大学习时,马大佛学会每个星期五办讲座,都找来不同的人演讲。老少中英、园顿显密、大小南北的法师居士,请得到的我们都请。我们坚信:学习先从广泛的接触开始,才求一门深入,这是正确的学习态度。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">把这样的思想迁移到我的教育工作,就不奇怪何以我会给学生介绍老师。在这过程中,不但学生受惠,我也得益良多,因为我会和学生一同学习。也因为接触不同的人,我的视野会更加宽阔,不会局限在一个自我设定的小框架里。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">即使是推荐书本,我们也推荐各家的著作,让学生了解不同的观点</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 16px;">①</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。闭目塞听只会造就狭隘的学习观,唯有博闻见广才能打开思路,兼容并蓄地采纳诸家之长。实事求是,知己知彼才是学习的王道。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">我总会告诫学生:孩子,世界很大,要多去接触,才能有所感悟!不要封闭自己,建立山头,把自己局限在一师一道之中,画地而自牢。</span><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: x-small;">注:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: x-small; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">① <span lang="ZH-CN">例如儿童文学,我们推荐中国北方靠自学起家的朱自强老师的著作,也推荐由蒋风老师带上来的南方学者吴其南、方卫平、王泉根、汤锐等老师的著作,乃至谭旭东、李学斌等的著作,我们也推荐。教育学的更不必说了,传统现代,保守先进的,我们都看。</span></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">《星洲日报·东海岸》15/05/2022</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8iZSVM75lAJtTGQJBlH42DF_yZYrQnOrecUib8mWZuB1ejNtEACSBrx2kxZweNviw6MgIR4195HjkIfvZ6mC9KEZJ4drRKBFlXPgVKXHoHjyFTsmBAMaqZYm5ch_rLHfnTQ5OoIEjMEtACx7tFxpfTioyiL32mSaWTfVQ-5-ytWX2AfTWWxtb7OiX/s1000/354.JPG" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="662" data-original-width="1000" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8iZSVM75lAJtTGQJBlH42DF_yZYrQnOrecUib8mWZuB1ejNtEACSBrx2kxZweNviw6MgIR4195HjkIfvZ6mC9KEZJ4drRKBFlXPgVKXHoHjyFTsmBAMaqZYm5ch_rLHfnTQ5OoIEjMEtACx7tFxpfTioyiL32mSaWTfVQ-5-ytWX2AfTWWxtb7OiX/s320/354.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" style="font-size: xx-small;">照片取自<a href="https://www.sohu.com/a/61241166_383557" target="_blank">搜狐</a></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-71160906732272887202022-05-18T23:12:00.004+08:002022-05-18T23:12:30.737+08:00【佛160】我的净土不是你的净土<p> “渐修顿悟”系列之160</p><p>18/05/2022</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixbdkOdzd_t1O3yocx_NzEy2AfhyAXCnxFQ9uZn-N1KOCb-HpVSXGSQDKJ1jjd_VsrDjNTkPFE-B4EbwnIPskx9vkdo8WHEA1XpcvRaJmH_4YN7SpsWkMBz8CZ79KT7cH-EsOJTZiwiU-g3yUEWQmA7Jb1VRtifTQMOkz7928dIIBayDvNjDeHjb_3/s302/160.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="167" data-original-width="302" height="167" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixbdkOdzd_t1O3yocx_NzEy2AfhyAXCnxFQ9uZn-N1KOCb-HpVSXGSQDKJ1jjd_VsrDjNTkPFE-B4EbwnIPskx9vkdo8WHEA1XpcvRaJmH_4YN7SpsWkMBz8CZ79KT7cH-EsOJTZiwiU-g3yUEWQmA7Jb1VRtifTQMOkz7928dIIBayDvNjDeHjb_3/s1600/160.jpg" width="302" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><span style="font-size: xx-small;">图片取自:<a href="http://www.fodizi.net/qt/daanfashi/13889.html" target="_blank">《佛弟子文库》</a></span></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-64034390462950112802022-05-18T23:06:00.003+08:002022-05-18T23:06:31.730+08:00【353】深度阅读的深在哪里<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">“深度阅读”是基于教育的深度学习而提出。</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 16px;">“深度学习”(Deep Learning)</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">是加拿大教育家麦克富兰巧妙地把人工智能的新概念带入教育后的一个新名词</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 16px;">①</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">望文生义,深度阅读应指有深度的阅读,不仅仅停留在文字表面的解读而已。但这会衍生其他问题,要深到什么程度才算?是谁的深呢?阅读不是该以读者为本位吗?如果读者程度不够,要如何达到深度阅读?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">我的学生在引导小学生深度阅读绘本《朱家故事》</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 16px;">②</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">时,要他们说出作者的写作意图。这是阅读最核心的问题。阅读就是要能通过组合后的文字所释放出的意思,逆向理解作者的写作志趣,这在</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 16px;">两千年多前,孟子便已提出的“以意逆志”概念</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">③</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。可是,在引导的当儿,我的学生给了个提示——朱家三父子和猪的共同特点是什么?于是小学生联想到猪的懒惰,要帮忙妈妈做家务便成了主题。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">这算深度阅读吗?</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">暂且把思考转回人工智能。深度学习是机器学习的子题,此前的机器学习是比较单向、浅层的一种操作方式。人类输入的是什么,机器就会据此去辨识其他同类信息。这使人类受限于机器,因为输入的信息一旦和机器接收到的信息不吻合,便无法辨识操作。为了应对视觉、听觉等信号的处理,科学家推动了分层神经网络(Multiple layer </span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Neural Network</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">)的深度学习模型和算法。这是取材于人类神经系统原有的分层的特点而开发。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">因此,深度学习的深,不是深浅的深,而是多层次的信息处理后,层层递进的深。马来文将之译为有意义的学习(Pembelajaran bermakna),更贴近其意思。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">引导学生深入阅读,不是把学生导向教师预设的“深”答案。除了辨析故事中的细节,包括色彩、意境等,还可以提供更多的数据(data)参考,让读者在处理大数据中得出结论。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">《朱家故事》书名就很有趣,因为作者是西方人,怎会用华人的姓氏?故事中的朱家父子又化为猪,岂不巧合?这些线索,连同作者所处的背景,“男性沙猪主义”的被提出,放在一起思考,是不是更能感受作者的写作意图?</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体">注:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">① Michael Fullan,
O.C.<span lang="ZH-CN">(</span>1940<span lang="ZH-CN">~)</span>, is the Global
Leadership Director, New Pedagogies for Deep Learning (NPDL) and a worldwide
authority on educational reform with a mandate of helping to achieve the moral
purpose of all children learning. <a href="http://www.deep-learning.global" target="_blank">NPDL website</a> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">② 这是名作家安东尼布朗的创作,中文版可以在<a href="https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=sites&srcid=bmtlcy50eWMuZWR1LnR3fHlpbmdwaHl8Z3g6MWUwMGE4ODBiZmFmYjhhZQ" target="_blank">这里</a>下载,英文版可以参阅<a href="https://slideplayer.com/slide/10673681/" target="_blank">这个</a>,不过朗读很不理想,页面也不美,最后一页妈妈修车的竟然还不见。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;">
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">③《孟子·万章上》:“故说诗者,不以文害辞,不以辞害志,以意逆志,是为得之。”</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">《星洲日报·东海岸》08/05/2022</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPQDts5skdyzF8fUxDCYkUeoacOn0amCJPl7IWn32H-TEdoGoBBbSvJK70X7M0zdCTV4T1Yt4zyACrT8bd_OWCJ_0JMd-bwowCzFa1mT70oacCgunbKk8WNU053OnZcRb1Xwxttcwbwei8TmUkesFECPRbp5IpQxkN9M5HeN1aSl-knhWv56oX0t0k/s1124/353.JPG" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="621" data-original-width="1124" height="177" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPQDts5skdyzF8fUxDCYkUeoacOn0amCJPl7IWn32H-TEdoGoBBbSvJK70X7M0zdCTV4T1Yt4zyACrT8bd_OWCJ_0JMd-bwowCzFa1mT70oacCgunbKk8WNU053OnZcRb1Xwxttcwbwei8TmUkesFECPRbp5IpQxkN9M5HeN1aSl-knhWv56oX0t0k/s320/353.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-658918334330735052022-05-09T10:34:00.002+08:002022-05-09T10:34:42.895+08:00【352】给我点个赞<p> <span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">我在立卑是独立生活,起居都得靠自己打点。朋友和学生知道我是上班前煮好三餐,下午和傍晚得吃“冷饭”,会寄予同情。最近流行一种智能的多功能料理器,可以现煮现吃,炖焖烤炒都行,蒸热保温当然也不在话下。这家公司最近办活动,鼓励大众趁教师节送一个料理器给老师,公司报效。于是便有人推荐了我。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">他们的好意,我不忍拂逆,于是便争取点击率。后来公司联系我,恭贺我入围了,得安排时间接受采访,然后将视频挂上网,点赞率最高的胜出。虽然礼物价值不菲,但我还是拒绝了。我不想参与这个商业游戏,成为公司的宣传棋子。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">不得不赞赏这个公司的点子,这是多赢的一项活动。成本不过数千令吉,便可名利双收。既可成就“尊师重道”的美名,又可将产品更加广泛地推出去,让更多人知道。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">“点赞”是现今商家普遍运用的高级手段。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">在一些特定的场合,“点赞”本是一个很好的测量方式,可以收到很好的反馈信息。例如在一项比赛中,让现场观众参与投票,可以使评价更加全面,不仅限于专业的评判打分。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">可是,道高一尺,魔高一丈,这些投票方式却被有心人利用,变成了一个虚假的流量测试,严重的还成了诈骗集团的欺骗手段。就像当年盛行的直销活动,只要成为荣誉会员,就可以得到优惠,以特别价钱购买产品,条件是要成功招徕多少人成为下线。</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">民众为了便利,往往呼朋唤友,亲戚一个都不放过。表面上看是双赢,其实是商家胜利了。最无辜的还是消费人,要支付更高昂的费用。上钩者上演了披上羊绒服还自我感觉良好的羊的把戏。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">我很少回应那些请我点赞的要求。不是我不买账,而是我觉得这样的作业方式已经偏离了原本的动机,也让参与者失去本心,成为“受害者”。是时候“适可而止”,不要如此买卖人情了。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">在我还可以主导的活动,我是不会让点赞成为衡量的标准,除非是没有预先安排的现场测试。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="color: #9fc5e8; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> 《星洲日报·东海岸》01/05/2022</o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCr7kxuoYIyK6dO8yXMOUdzK54Nz2_HpIHAESsP0NiWc7NYTbsL1nrplkE_M9B9XcbK1SutX3FQQ5n2U6r0c-TkVKRBEdxanWe9qFhlxbvjIpSHXOgCB7ydqpVrS1R5-yZrAzdfFpT1O-Ch6eRkptgMUOSe8WWICvFbBehj1w_qYt2NfFFA7lD-JAc/s300/352.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="168" data-original-width="300" height="168" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCr7kxuoYIyK6dO8yXMOUdzK54Nz2_HpIHAESsP0NiWc7NYTbsL1nrplkE_M9B9XcbK1SutX3FQQ5n2U6r0c-TkVKRBEdxanWe9qFhlxbvjIpSHXOgCB7ydqpVrS1R5-yZrAzdfFpT1O-Ch6eRkptgMUOSe8WWICvFbBehj1w_qYt2NfFFA7lD-JAc/s1600/352.png" width="300" /></a></div><br /><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p><br /></o:p></span></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-59125027895016208732022-05-05T02:57:00.006+08:002022-05-05T10:10:18.832+08:00【佛159】信仰佛教后还要保留民族传统吗?<p> ”渐修顿悟“系列之159</p><p>30/04/2022</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaIxUISkS7LMvQheqdR3kxfiWpEMEeDUf6VlCr43f9uKKAklLC9ZMhu9D7-kmPBsHA8Pa1w7pthcBOYRAejkW0Bte1u25Z0fRw9xoxYP4LDMTz-tgbox0gwRl1iZIOSoO-XGZGcafO3An6ffHCBnKVtjwOAUpaOUtkqSgWPIER_aWIGb8-CYONY29x/s800/159.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="450" data-original-width="800" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaIxUISkS7LMvQheqdR3kxfiWpEMEeDUf6VlCr43f9uKKAklLC9ZMhu9D7-kmPBsHA8Pa1w7pthcBOYRAejkW0Bte1u25Z0fRw9xoxYP4LDMTz-tgbox0gwRl1iZIOSoO-XGZGcafO3An6ffHCBnKVtjwOAUpaOUtkqSgWPIER_aWIGb8-CYONY29x/s320/159.jpeg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-size: xx-small;">图片取自:<a href="https://www.xtra.com.my/lifestyle/nibukebuzhideqingmingsaomuxiaochangshi/" target="_blank">xtra网站</a></span></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-71125085910222111862022-05-05T02:50:00.002+08:002022-05-05T02:55:47.710+08:00【351】重视非正规教育<p> <span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">我小时候住家的环境,童伴众多。其中有一人,大家称他“量地官”。何故?因为睡醒后他便出门,漫无目的地走动,天黑才回家。谁家蔬果熟了他顺手采摘,草丛有异样他趋前探究竟。因此发现珍禽异兽的是他,被虫蛇咬伤的也是他。日复一日,乐此而不疲。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">其他同伴也差不多一样。在没有荧光幕的年代,三三两两群聚聊天,就算没有话题,也可相伴到夕阳西下。年纪稍长则开始聚赌,扑克、牌九、麻将样样来,就连火柴支也可是赌具。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">若非我后来被同学带到佛教会,一边教小伙伴们读书识字,一边筹办各类活动,我相信我和他们一样,至今依然“南亩耕、东山卧”。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">这个成长经验,使我特别注重青少年的非正规教育</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 16px;">①</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。学校给予的正规教育,并不能满足我。伙伴们都到过学校,却没有受过非正规教育,结果都活成陶渊明,若有关汉卿三分才气,相信还可以活成浪子班头</span><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">②</span><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">非正规教育一般是民间主动开办。由于没有官方的约束,自由得很,可以按照领头人的才艺发挥。除了宗教活动,琴棋书画、诗酒花茶、歌舞拳棒,任君选择。青少年在多样性的选择下,或许可找到生活价值,充实自己的生命。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">教育不能只靠学校,正规教育也不要将青少年的时间填得太满,认为只有官方才能确保他们的成长。正规教育注重成果,强调积分,培养出青少年的功利心,也造就他们凡事但求达标的心态。非正规教育讲究兴趣,重视才华,训练出青少年一艺之长,激发他们的内驱力,协助建立他们的人生价值观,终身追逐梦想而不惜。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">正规教育的局限,往往造就两极化,一是轻易满足所学,达标后便不思长进;一是选择放弃,寻求他径填补岁月,当水中浮萍亦不惜。没有了非正规教育的辅助,我们实在不能怪青少年混日子,每天在等待时间中过去;也不能怨他们拿自己生命开玩笑,在高速公路上耍技俩。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">非正规教育还是留给民间办的好,如果官方为了补足正规教育的不足,也大事开办非正规教育,那就把教育一体化,没有了正规非正规的区别。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" style="color: #6fa8dc;">注:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">① <span lang="ZH-CN">经济合作与发展组织(</span>OECD<span lang="ZH-CN">)将<a href="https://www.oecd.org/education/skills-beyond-school/recognitionofnon-formalandinformallearning-home.htm" target="_blank">教育划分为三大类</a>:正规、非正规和非正式。我觉得这是英语词汇可以如此划分,因为当中的非正式教育</span>(Informal
Education)<span lang="ZH-CN">是随时随地可以实施的,是与正式教育相对的概念。但正规和正式教育,英语都称</span>formal
education<span lang="ZH-CN">。因此,我倾向二类的分法,</span>formal & non-formal.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">② <span lang="ZH-CN">关汉卿散曲《南吕·一枝花》套数中说:“我是个普天下郎君领袖,盖世界浪子班头。”“郎君”和“浪子”都是指风流放荡不羁的人。</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" style="color: #2b00fe;">《星洲日报·东海岸》24/04/2022</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPYqk1rdMRwDIz9qpPO9hgG33yiM9bdzGfbVAsb62dm2xT2Cf-ywHj1x5yUiWQ8OIT5pZvbGsH6rvaFq2wloIoxmGxxCsXPxJ0d5i65mswVSqS501RNi9OFO2VD91vWeHQw8twZzquB98DAopWgyrcTbbcgYnEJPL6CXJnX3r60VqKhQ4tEwZl5A-8/s841/351.JPG" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="517" data-original-width="841" height="197" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPYqk1rdMRwDIz9qpPO9hgG33yiM9bdzGfbVAsb62dm2xT2Cf-ywHj1x5yUiWQ8OIT5pZvbGsH6rvaFq2wloIoxmGxxCsXPxJ0d5i65mswVSqS501RNi9OFO2VD91vWeHQw8twZzquB98DAopWgyrcTbbcgYnEJPL6CXJnX3r60VqKhQ4tEwZl5A-8/s320/351.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><span face="宋体"><br /></span><p></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-20424070944040082282022-04-26T00:34:00.001+08:002022-04-26T00:34:15.077+08:00【350】教师也得做研究<p> <span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">提高教师学术水平是教育部的工作重点之一</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 30px;">①</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。十余年前,教育部倡议小学教师都要具有学士文凭</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 30px;">②</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。最初只是鼓励,教师得自掏腰包深造;后来发现离开50%的目标尚远,教育部已近乎奖励了,教师只要回复手机信息便可报读</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 30px;">③</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。也因此,</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">2011</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">年起,大量的教师读大学课程,国内公立私立大专和师范同步开班,盛况空前。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">现今不具大学资格的教师已经是少数。下来当然就会鼓励教师更上一层楼,读硕博了。教育部每年都提供奖学金(HLP)给教师深造,名额还不少。为了确保教师是真的进修,教育部把关也比过去严格。拿了奖学金进修而未能如期考获学位的,还得赔偿违约金。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">让教师进修,当然是基于“水涨船高”的原则,希望教师可以更好地栽培国家栋梁。教学是门艺术,却也不失其科学依据。多几分理性,教师将能更好执行任务,不会事事只凭“我认为”,“以我的经验”而行动。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">师范学院升格为大专后,增加了“教育研究”(Penyelidikan Pendidikan)这门课,而且分理论和实践施行两个学期,6个学分。早期只是重视行动研究(Penyelidikan Tindakan)。行动研究是个新的概念,是专为上班族而设,一边做研究,一边还得执行工作,据说最适合学校老师进行。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">行动研究的目标并不在成果,而是过程中的自觉</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">④</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。教师不能用“前测后测”证明自己的行动多成功。要知道,日夜对着一只猫,一段时间后猫儿也会跳探戈;对着一个人教学,只要耐心付出,也会有成果。行动研究可以是老课题,用</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">XX</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">法教识字,用</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">YY</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; text-indent: 22.5pt;">法教阅读。重点是教师如何依据理论设计教学,又如何测试学习成果,如何鉴定自己教学上的得失。若发现失败,行动研究鼓励研究者再循环,调整策略再行动。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">近年师范学院还扩大了研究模式,如实验性和准实验性、人种志、个案等质化和量化的研究法都采用</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">⑤</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">,拓大教师的视野,也提高教师的科学素养。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">最近我的学生采用人种志研究报道某校何以成功打造校园阅读风气。这是一项描述性的研究项目,必须实地调查、参与、观摩才能做到,间中不乏科学数据的支持。这比起过去把报告当论文的做法要务实得多</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">⑥</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc; font-family: 宋体;">注:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Cambria Math"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">①</span><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"> </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">教育部于<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">2006</span>年发布</span><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pelan Induk Pembangunan
Pendidikan (PIPP)2006-2010</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">的工作文件列出的</span><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">6</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">大核心发展项目,提升教师专业水平(</span><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memartabatkan Profesion Perguruan</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">)是第</span><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">5</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">项。除了谈到提高录取师范生的条件外,也提到多项教师进修计划,包括</span><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Meluaskan
dan meningkatkan Penyelidikan dan Pembangunan</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">(</span><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">R&D</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">)</span><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">② <span lang="ZH-CN">国家宏愿政策</span></span><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">Dasar Wawasan Negara
2001-2010</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">列明至</span><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">2010</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">年,</span><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">100%</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">中学教师都具有学士资格,小学教师则是</span><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">50%</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">。为了落实这点教育部在</span><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">PIPP</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">推出后,在师范学院办</span><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">Program Khas Pensiswazahan Guru (PKPG) </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">课程,让小学教师以假期班方式进行学士文凭。唯进度缓慢,目标难以达致。</span><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">2011</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">年教育部推出另一个计划</span><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">Program Pensiswazahan Guru (PPG)</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">,让本地大专、私立大专和师范学院同步展开在职教师学士课程,至</span><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">2016</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">年终于落实</span><span style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">60%</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">以上小学教师具有学士资格。</span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">③ <span lang="ZH-CN">那段时间我在学校视察时,一名教师出示手机短信,</span>jawab ya atau tidak<span lang="ZH-CN">,就可以进修了。不过不是全职进修,得工读。</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><span lang="ZH-CN"></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">④ <span lang="ZH-CN">由于这是比较新的概念,大概在上个世纪末才被提出,很多人对这个研究法都感到陌生。一些地方的教育厅还鼓励学校教师做行动研究,把他们的报告当着瑰宝出版,说是让其他教师参考新的教学策略。这是不正确的。</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">⑤ <span lang="ZH-CN">师范学院已经出版的研究指南包括行动研究、调查研究</span>survey/tinjauan<span lang="ZH-CN">、实验研究、人种志研究</span>Ethnography<span lang="ZH-CN">、个案研究。</span></span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><span lang="ZH-CN"></span></span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">⑥ 我念硕士课程时,常听到学界批判许多学位论文只是一份报告,没有达到“研究”的水平。论文没有提出什么学术课题,也没有采用什么研究方法,只是根据所收集到的资料做一份详细的报道而已。这应该是值得我们反思的事项。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: #a64d79;">《星洲日报·东海岸》17/04/2022</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyzyCPVm36ih1RL2Y2OtqQOhjSNm7Fi5H1WRZxgrVo9b_XZotnjYbRWsgOmunIl3kfS226NbCWHaLIjbdqxHSeWTY2EQqRX4OqwywnlsUJSm3cR14vCv9o3uMJSzOfN-ysfvWUb-hRwHuWcWjlONPtIGSay6SwEoM3PiOLyIlH2tuIRr-ZYcewEMgb/s282/350.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="179" data-original-width="282" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyzyCPVm36ih1RL2Y2OtqQOhjSNm7Fi5H1WRZxgrVo9b_XZotnjYbRWsgOmunIl3kfS226NbCWHaLIjbdqxHSeWTY2EQqRX4OqwywnlsUJSm3cR14vCv9o3uMJSzOfN-ysfvWUb-hRwHuWcWjlONPtIGSay6SwEoM3PiOLyIlH2tuIRr-ZYcewEMgb/s1600/350.jpg" width="282" /></a></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;">图片取自:<a href="https://isixlogistics.co.bw/a-world-without-research/" target="_blank">isixlogistics</a></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></p><br /><span style="color: #a64d79;"><br /></span><p></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-33419144409921572042022-04-15T11:25:00.002+08:002022-04-15T13:16:59.392+08:00【349】继往才能开来<p> <span face="宋体" style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">小时候我们学中文,是低着头的。讲英语的同学,身份比我们高贵。即使进了大学,图书馆架上进口的中文书,还带有黑笔涂画过的痕迹。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">中六报考华文,有多少劝阻的声音?“没有前途”是最深切的关怀。一股傻劲推动我们伴随四书五经,沉浸于唐诗宋词的秋月春风,大有“虽万人吾往矣”的气魄。当时心里会抱着最坏的打算:挤不进狭窄的本地大学,就跟学长们一样,到宝岛侨大去。此地不留人,自有留人处。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">万幸马大中文系毕业!毕业后到中学执教也教本科。虽经历过“表姐和阿灿”的年代,也看到长辈“祖国”回来只剩一身衣裤的窘态,欣慰的是学生还是受我们影响,热爱中文,肯在他人去祷告时跟我学中华文明发展史。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">十年河东,十年河西,四书五经的发祥地突然强大了。学中文可以抬头了吧?事实却不如此!侠客喜欢的是维护弱小,强大的就必须打下去。精英们左一句胶,右一句强国,过去要委屈求全,现在变得理直气壮,理直气壮抗拒传统。中国文学变成华文文学,中文系变成华人研究系,说是要断奶,只有切割才能成长。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">这时,你不得不信牛顿——作用力都有一个等值反向的反作用力。压力引发我们的反弹;压力解除了,我们便倾向惯性定律,不止停滞,可能还自我腐化。反中华如果是外来的,我们会更珍惜中华;反中华如果是内部引爆,中华就将被践踏。不信,看看百年前如何反儒,如何批孔老二。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">中华文明不是只属于中国的,而是中华民族的。历史是洪流,断代肯定受到时空的局限,不能一窥全貌。不需因噎废食,因个人的喜好而大肆鞭挞发源地,诋毁当地子民。管中窥豹很容易以偏概全。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">庄子说秦失凭吊老子,哭三声就离开。人问其故,秦失说:“刚才我看到的场面是悲戚的,但是当中有很多人是不想哭而哭的,他们只是受到气氛的影响。所以我也哭三声。”放到今天的世界,秦失说的其实是“跟大队”才是时尚。秦失却认为这是迷失本性。</span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">我愿当现代秦失。我希望守护初心,坚定中华民族身份,爱惜先哲留下的智慧遗产。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">继往才能开来,没有根,枝叶再茂密还是受不起风吹雨打。所以,如果有人问谁还要说孔孟老庄,李杜苏辛,我会站起来说:Let </span><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">me try!</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span face="宋体" lang="ZH-CN" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">《星洲日报·东海岸》</span><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">12/04/2022</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0hdQVY8BeiUw87V7mmeGdKH4yw2cd7qTniy8Z4oxYPG7EzqQPqjLjqUoUIePD8CsoIvQU_DHi9xZ2kekHWrVA9hVqUd-_agR0Rm_0DxXE1XAO6ty4luAI8mHVJD9nuY5fv_cNqQzxc-LohUyCN29SyvK9ubm42Qdt9AgzoWIQS2JAlS3Z70a30ZSl/s1188/349.JPG" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="658" data-original-width="1188" height="177" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0hdQVY8BeiUw87V7mmeGdKH4yw2cd7qTniy8Z4oxYPG7EzqQPqjLjqUoUIePD8CsoIvQU_DHi9xZ2kekHWrVA9hVqUd-_agR0Rm_0DxXE1XAO6ty4luAI8mHVJD9nuY5fv_cNqQzxc-LohUyCN29SyvK9ubm42Qdt9AgzoWIQS2JAlS3Z70a30ZSl/s320/349.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p></p>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127189461651427824.post-91259341351165239562022-04-06T23:53:00.003+08:002022-04-06T23:53:58.618+08:00【348】教育要知行合一<p> <span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">“知行合一”是王阳明提出的主张</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;">①</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">。</span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;"> 他说:“</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">知是</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: Batang, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">行</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">的主意,</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: Batang, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">行</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">是知的功夫;</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">知是行之始,行是知之成。若会得时:只说一个知,已自有行在;只说一个行,已自有知在。”</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;">②</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">虽然王阳明强调知行合一,不过便于理解,我们还是会划分二者:“知”是虚的,要通过“行”来落实;就因为“行”,所以可验证自己的“知”,使知更为完整。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">何以要提出这个主张?王阳明说:“只为世间有一种人,懵懵懂懂的任意去做,全不解思惟省察,也只是个冥行妄作,所以必说个知,方才行得是;又有一种人,茫茫荡荡悬空去思一索,全不肯着实躬行,也只是个揣摸影响,所以必说一个行,方才知得真。”</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;">③</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">近代中国教育家陶行知,本名文濬,因欣赏“知行合一”的说法,故改名行知</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;">④</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">,并据此推广他的教育主张。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">我认同教育不是“做就对了”的事业,要有一定程度的认知</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;">⑤。历来专家所提的</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 22.5pt;">教育理论,我们要“知其然”也“知其所以然”,不要“懵懵懂懂任意去做”。这个说法是对前线的教育工作者而说。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">教育也不是“知道就好了”的事业,不是因为你把握多少新的教育主张、教学理论,能言善道就好。没有躬行实践,这些理论也只会让自己“茫茫荡荡”不感踏实。这是偏向教育官员而说,当然也包括我们师范讲师。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">回顾我的教学生涯,很感谢命运的安排,让我一直朝向“知行合一”的道路。初执教时,对教育理论不甚了了,因为大学提供的教育文凭课程时间过于仓促,半年就完成。中学教学四年,靠的还真是“做就对了”的蛮劲。</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 22.5pt;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">进入师范学院,面对五花八门的教育理论,仿如刘姥姥进入大观园,方觉自己对教育依然多有不解,实属门外汉一个。亡羊补牢未为晚,恶补一番还是跟得上。此外,培训师资也不能只是空谈理论,还得实践,要不然师范生难以接受我们的“指导”,会认为我们只是“讲”师,但懂理论上的正确而已。因此我们也要沾湿双脚,和实习生一起下水,示范教学。最初我不便在学生实习时参与教学,怕违反职业守则,挫败实习生的士气;后来找到“公开课”一法,才可以和学生一道钻研课例,寻求理论和实践的结合。</span></p>
<span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> 就这样一步一脚印,不知不觉也走了二三十年,希望可以影响后来者注重教育的“知行合一”,不要“懵懵懂懂”,也不要“茫茫荡荡”。</span><div><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="color: #6fa8dc; font-family: 宋体;">注:</span></div><div><span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;">① </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">难易、先后与合一是儒学“知行论”发展的三个重要议题。“难易论”早在先秦就已提出,“先后论”则是宋儒所论述,“合一论”则出自明代王阳明。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><br /></span></span><div><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">② </span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">以上一段话出自《传习录》,是王阳明的讲学语录,由他的学生徐爱、薛侃和钱德洪等收录编辑而成。今收录在《王阳明全集》,吴光等编校。(上海古籍出版社,</span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2006</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: Batang, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">年</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">)第</span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">1</span><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">卷。网络版可以看<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091026164659/http://homepage.ntu.edu.tw/~duhbauruei/5rso/texts/7song/te68/01.htm" target="_blank">链接</a>。</span></span></div><div><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">③ 出处同上。这原本是王阳明回答徐爱的提问而说,前面有句“古人所以既说一个知,又说一个行者”,回应徐爱认为“知行”有先后的疑惑。</span></span></div><div><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">④陶行知原本改名“知行”,即因王阳明说“</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 30px;">知是行之始,行是知之成”的缘故。后来他主张“行</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 30px;">是知之始,知是行之成</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 30px;">”,又改为“行知”。这已经不是“知行合一”的哲学讨论,是教育理想中所持的一种立场。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></span></div><div><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;"><span style="color: #6fa8dc;">⑤王阳明所谓的“知”含义较广,包括良知的知。我这里是偏向陶行知在教育实践中所倡导的“知行合一”论述,不是哲学上的讨论,所以把“知”锁定在“知识”的“知”而已。</span></span></div><div><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div><div><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: #93c47d;">《星洲日报·东海岸》03/04/2022</span></span></div><div><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: #93c47d;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span lang="ZH-CN" style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-MY; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></div></div>黄先炳http://www.blogger.com/profile/16232181853955463766noreply@blogger.com0